Ecosystèmes d'affaires, stratégies de plateforme et innovation ouverte : vers une approche intégrée de la dynamique d'innovation

This paper is based on an integrative perspective which highlights the relationships between three distinct concepts that are both present in the academic literature and the managerial discourse : business ecosystems (BE), platforms and open innovation (OI). The aim of this paper is to show that the ecosystem-based view is an appropriate analytical framework that improves our understanding of the OI phenomenon. In this context, the notion of platform is of main importance since it brings together BE and OI. The concept of BE confirms the unprecedented development of inter-firms relationships. In most cases, these collaborations deal with new products or services and are aimed to reduce development costs, time to market. They are also an effective way to explore new market space and exploit complementary skills. In this context, the platform is a collaborative space to achieve some or all of these objectives and establish the process of collective innovation. By bringing together different partners, platforms play an important role in the development of OI and participate in the development of BEs.