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Role of watering practices in large-scale urban planning strategies to face the heat-wave risk in future climate

Author

Listed:
  • Maxime Daniel

    (CNRM - Centre national de recherches météorologiques - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - OMP - Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Météo-France - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UT - Université de Toulouse - Météo-France)

  • A. Lemonsu
  • Vincent Viguie

    (CIRED - centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Increasing heat-wave risk due to regional climate evolutions, exacerbated by urban heat island (UHI) effects, is a major threat for the inhabitants of many cities. Adaptive policies such as greening the urban environment are often proposed to limit population vulnerability, as vegetation enables to regulate the microclimate by evapotranspiration. The efficiency of such strategies depends on water availability and raises the issues of water supply for irrigation and of vegetation efficiency. Three vegetation watering alternatives and a scenario of pavement watering are studied and compared using Paris (France) urban area as a case study. With an evolution of the city based on "business as usual" trends, urban climate modeling enables to evaluate both UHI and heat stress under heat-wave conditions in 2100. Vegetation watering is efficient in reducing air temperature and thermal stress, but mostly in residential areas where vegetation density is important enough. Pavement watering is relevant in the densely built city center only where it improves the cooling efficiency and increases the water consumption by 2% only. The combination of both solutions provides the best performances with a reduction (compared to a non irrigated scenario) of the maximum temperature anomaly by 0.8 °C (2.6 °C) during the day (night).

Suggested Citation

  • Maxime Daniel & A. Lemonsu & Vincent Viguie, 2018. "Role of watering practices in large-scale urban planning strategies to face the heat-wave risk in future climate," Post-Print hal-01695085, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01695085
    DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.11.001
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    Cited by:

    1. Guo, Xiaofeng & Hendel, Martin, 2018. "Urban water networks as an alternative source for district heating and emergency heat-wave cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 79-87.
    2. Abel Balew & Fisha Semaw, 2022. "Impacts of land-use and land-cover changes on surface urban heat islands in Addis Ababa city and its surrounding," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 832-866, January.
    3. Jing Kong & Yongling Zhao & Jan Carmeliet & Chengwang Lei, 2021. "Urban Heat Island and Its Interaction with Heatwaves: A Review of Studies on Mesoscale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-26, September.

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