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Democracy across Gender Diversity and Ethnicity of Middle Eastern SMEs: How Does Performance Differ?

Author

Listed:
  • Charbel Salloum

    (USEK - Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik)

  • Georges Jabbour
  • Catherine Mercier-Suissa

    (Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon)

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between boards of directors' demographic diversity and firms' financial performance. In particular, we highlight how women and ethnic minorities can affect Middle Eastern SMEs' financial performance. Using an unbalanced panel of 1,855 firm-year observations of 371 boards of directors from nine Middle Eastern countries, our results support the positive impact of women and ethnic minority group members on Middle Eastern firms' performance. However, our evidence implies that when Western ethnic minority members increase, firms' performances tend to decrease, because these board members are appointed for regional and international board reputation legitimacy, personal business agendas, and links to the external corporate environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Charbel Salloum & Georges Jabbour & Catherine Mercier-Suissa, 2019. "Democracy across Gender Diversity and Ethnicity of Middle Eastern SMEs: How Does Performance Differ?," Post-Print hal-01472697, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01472697
    DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12336
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Alharbi, Rana & Elnahass, Marwa & McLaren, Josie, 2022. "Women directors and market valuation: What are the “Wonder Woman” attributes in banking?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    2. Sangyun Han & Soo Kyung Park & Kyu Tae Kwak, 2021. "Workforce Composition of Public R&D and Performance: Evidence from Korean Government-Funded Research Institutes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Wang PeiZhi & Muhammad Ramzan, 2020. "Do corporate governance structure and capital structure matter for the performance of the firms? An empirical testing with the contemplation of outliers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(2), pages 1-25, February.
    4. John K. Malagila & Alaa M. Zalata & Collins G. Ntim & Ahmed A. Elamer, 2021. "Corporate governance and performance in sports organisations: The case of UK premier leagues," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(2), pages 2517-2537, April.
    5. Ayman Issa & Mohammad A. A. Zaid & Jalal Rajeh Hanaysha, 2022. "Exploring the relationship between female director's profile and sustainability performance: Evidence from the Middle East," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 1980-2002, September.
    6. Zahoor, Nadia & Zopiatis, Anastasios & Adomako, Samuel & Lamprinakos, Grigorios, 2023. "The micro-foundations of digitally transforming SMEs: How digital literacy and technology interact with managerial attributes," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    7. Azzeddine Allioui & Badr Habba & Taib Berrada El Azizi, 2021. "Women's Leadership and Pragmatism Incidences on Performance of Listed Family-Owned Firms in the Cultural Context of Arab Countries," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 12(3), pages 251-260, May.
    8. Azzeddine Allioui & Badr Habba & Taib Berrada El Azizi, 2021. "Women's Leadership and Pragmatism Incidences on Performance of Listed Family-Owned Firms in the Cultural Context of Arab Countries," Post-Print hal-03131055, HAL.
    9. Uribe-Bohorquez, María-Victoria & Martínez-Ferrero, Jennifer & García-Sánchez, Isabel-María, 2018. "Board independence and firm performance: The moderating effect of institutional context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 28-43.
    10. Nidal Zaqeeba & Takiah Mohd Iskandar, 2020. "Mediating Effect of Tax Management on the Relationship Between Board of Directors Characteristics and Firm Performance," Journal of Information & Knowledge Management (JIKM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 19(01), pages 1-17, March.
    11. Grey, Colette & Flynn, Antoinette & Adu, Douglas A., 2024. "An examination of how executive remuneration and firm performance are influenced by Chair-CEO diversity attributes," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    12. Sa’adiah Munir & Gary John Rangel & Ravichandran K. Subramaniam & Mohd. Zulkhairi bin Mustapha, 2020. "Do Heterogeneous Boards Promote Firm Innovation? Evidence from Malaysia," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 28(1), pages 25-47.
    13. Rachel Bocquet & Christian Le Bas & Caroline Danièle Mothe & Nicolas Poussing, 2019. "Strategic CSR for innovation in SMEs: Does diversity matter?," Post-Print hal-02380559, HAL.
    14. Aolin Leng & Fuli Kang, 2022. "Impact of two-child policy on female employment and corporate performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2020," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.
    15. Elnahass, Marwa & Alharbi, Rana & Mohamed, Toka S. & McLaren, Josie, 2023. "The Nexus among board diversity and bank stability: Implications from gender, nationality and education," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).

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