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Le bétail des Somali d'Ethiopie : la mondialisation sur les marges

Author

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  • Géraldine Pinauldt

    (CRAG - Centre de recherches et d'analyses géopolitiques - UP8 - Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis)

Abstract

Le commerce de bétail en Éthiopie est marqué par une frontière intérieure que dessine la vallée de l'Awash/vallée du Rift et qui matérialise une frontière cognitive entre les basses-terres Somali et les hautes-terres de l'Éthiopie. À l'ouest de cette ligne, le bétail nourrit principalement la consommation éthiopienne et à l'est, largement informel et dominé par les grands commerçants somali, il est exporté vers la péninsule arabique via le Somaliland. Profitant d'une conjonction de facteurs accélérant la "mise en mondialisation" du commerce de bétail, l'État éthiopien conjugue la captation des aides internationales pour des programmes d'accès aux marchés et de mise aux normes commerciales et vétérinaires avec une ouverture nouvelle à des investisseurs saoudiens. Mais ces projets se heurtent à la résistance d'un système géoéconomique pluri-centenaire dans une région Somali d'Éthiopie pas encore tout à fait acquise à la cause éthiopienne, pour lequel le bétail demeure une richesse non aliénable par l'État. Ici, la mise en mondialisation de l'Éthiopie, sous la forme d'une normalisation des échanges internationaux, donne à une occasion l'État éthiopien de mieux maîtriser un territoire périphérique et sa ressource. Cette utilisation des outils normatifs permet-elle d'intégrer l'économie de la région Somali d'Éthiopie et ainsi de rééquilibrer le territoire national, ou ce processus renforce-t-il cette frontière culturelle intérieure ?

Suggested Citation

  • Géraldine Pinauldt, 2015. "Le bétail des Somali d'Ethiopie : la mondialisation sur les marges," Post-Print hal-01379063, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01379063
    DOI: 10.4000/echogeo.14163
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01379063
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jabbar, Mohammad A. & Negassa, Asfaw & Gidyelew, Taye, 2007. "Geographic distribution of cattle and shoats populations and their market supply sheds in Ethiopia," Research Reports 181607, International Livestock Research Institute.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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