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On the relationship between inventory and financial performance in manufacturing companies

Author

Listed:
  • Vedran Capkun

    (GREGH - Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC - HEC Paris - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Ari-Pekka Hameri
  • Lawrence A. Weiss

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between inventory performance, both total inventory (INV) and its discrete components (raw material (RMI), work-in-process (WIP), and finished goods (FGI)), and financial performance in manufacturing companies. Design/methodology/approach - Statistical analysis is applied to the financial information of US-based manufacturing firms over the 26-year period from 1980 to 2005. Findings - The paper finds a significant positive correlation between inventory performance (total as well as the discrete components of inventory) and measures of financial performance (at both the gross and operating levels) for firms in manufacturing industries. The correlation between the performance of discrete types of inventory and financial performance varies significantly across inventory types. RMI performance has the highest correlation with all financial performance measures. Between WIP inventory and FGI performance, the former is more highly correlated with gross profit measures while the latter is more highly correlated with operating profit measures. Originality/value - This paper is the first to systematically analyze the relationship between inventory performance and financial performance for a large sample of firms across all manufacturing industries. The paper adds to prior literature by discussing and testing the relationship between both INV performance and the discrete types of inventory (RMI, WIP, and FGI) and profitability of operations, both at the gross and at the operating profit levels. The paper also analyzes the results for firms across as well as within manufacturing industries. The results obtained support the operations management literature's claim that a managerial focus on inventory performance results in value creation for manufacturing firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Vedran Capkun & Ari-Pekka Hameri & Lawrence A. Weiss, 2009. "On the relationship between inventory and financial performance in manufacturing companies," Post-Print hal-00493163, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00493163
    DOI: 10.1108/01443570910977698
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kroes, James R. & Manikas, Andrew S., 2014. "Cash flow management and manufacturing firm financial performance: A longitudinal perspective," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 37-50.
    2. Eunhye (Olivia) Park & Woo-Hyuk Kim, 2021. "The effect of inventory turnover on financial performance in the US restaurant industry: The moderating role of exposure to commodity price risk," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(7), pages 1417-1429, November.
    3. Elias Sanidas & Hyeri Park, 2011. "Korean Augmented Production Function: The Role Of Services And Other Factors In Korea¡¯S Economic Growth Of Industries," Journal of Economic Development, Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics, vol. 36(1), pages 59-85, March.
    4. Bendig, David & Brettel, Malte & Downar, Benedikt, 2018. "Inventory component volatility and its relation to returns," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 37-49.
    5. Andrew S. Manikas & James R. Kroes, 2018. "The relationship between lean manufacturing, environmental damage, and firm performance," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 141-155, July.
    6. Abdullah, Hariem & Aziz, Hemn, 2017. "Impact of Just-In-Time manufacturing on profit maximization," MPRA Paper 112365, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Yingying Xin & Xiao Zeng & Zhengying Luo, 2022. "Customers' tone in MD&A disclosure and suppliers' inventory efficiency: Evidence from China," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(8), pages 3833-3853, December.
    8. Folinas, Dimitris & Shen, Chia-Yi, 2014. "Exploring Links among Inventory and Financial Performance in the Agricultural Machinery," International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC), Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Department of Economics and Finance, vol. 2(4), pages 1-12, October.
    9. Huang, Yingshan & Ouyang, Haiqin & Pan, Weihua & He, Xiaogang, 2023. "Role of high-speed rail services in China’s economic recovery: Evidence from manufacturing firm inventories," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 389-405.
    10. Kroes, James R. & Manikas, Andrew S. & Gattiker, Thomas F., 2018. "Operational leanness and retail firm performance since 1980," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 262-274.
    11. Omer Bagais & Khaled Aljaaidi & Abdulaziz Alothman, 2021. "An Empirical Investigation of the Associations of Short and Long Debt Policies with Economic Values of Energy Sector," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(1), pages 249-254.
    12. Brandenburg, Marcus, 2016. "Supply chain efficiency, value creation and the economic crisis – An empirical assessment of the European automotive industry 2002–2010," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(P3), pages 321-335.
    13. Danquah Jeff Boakye & Ishmael TIngbani & Gabriel Ahinful & Isaac Damoah & Venancio Tauringana, 2020. "Sustainable environmental practices and financial performance: Evidence from listed small and medium‐sized enterprise in the United Kingdom," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(6), pages 2583-2602, September.
    14. Zbigniew Golas, 2020. "Does Inventory Management Improve Profitability? Empirical Evidence from Polish Manufacturing Industries," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 2), pages 939-961.
    15. Isaac Elking & John-Patrick Paraskevas & Curtis Grimm & Thomas Corsi & Adams Steven, 2017. "Financial Dependence, Lean Inventory Strategy, and Firm Performance," Journal of Supply Chain Management, Institute for Supply Management, vol. 53(2), pages 22-38, April.
    16. Mishra, Rajat & Rasheed, Abdul A. & Yasar, Mahmut & Napier, Randy & Nakkas, Alper, 2021. "Inventory positions in US manufacturing: A competitive dynamics approach," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    17. Demeter, Krisztina & Golini, Ruggero, 2014. "Inventory configurations and drivers: An international study of assembling industries," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 62-73.
    18. Alam, Md Samsul & Safiullah, Md & Islam, Md Shahidul, 2022. "Cash-rich firms and carbon emissions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    19. Carole Maurel & Françoise Pierrot & Foued Cheriet & Paul Amadieu, 2019. "Inventories in the wine industry: From sector and financial determinants to strategic behaviors," Post-Print hal-02789122, HAL.
    20. Chen Weijun, 2022. "The Impact of Government Support and Technological Innovation on Enterprise Performance: A Case Study of Guangdong Hi- tech Enterprises," International Journal of Science and Business, IJSAB International, vol. 14(1), pages 196-231.
    21. Godfred Adjapong Afrifa & Ahmad Alshehabi & Ishmael Tingbani & Hussein Halabi, 2021. "Abnormal inventory and performance in manufacturing companies: evidence from the trade credit channel," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 581-617, February.
    22. Warburton, Roger D.H. & Hodgson, J.P.E. & Nielsen, E.H., 2014. "Exact solutions to the supply chain equations for arbitrary, time-dependent demands," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 195-205.
    23. Casalin, Fabrizio & Pang, Gu & Maioli, Sara & Cao, Ting, 2017. "Inventories and the concentration of suppliers and customers: Evidence from the Chinese manufacturing sector," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 148-159.
    24. Robb, David J. & Liu, Fei & Lai, Richard & Ren, Z. Justin, 2012. "Inventory in mainland China: Historical, industry, and geographic perspectives," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(1), pages 440-450.
    25. Achintya Ray, 2018. "Are Inventories Accretive? Lessons from Inventory and Earnings Relationship in the U.S. Capital Goods Sector," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 7(1), pages 1-40, February.

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