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Tradeoffs for the Poor, Divine Coincidence for the Rich

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Abstract

We use an estimated medium-scale HANK model to investigate how the tradeoff between stabilizing inflation and consumption volatility varies for households with different levels of wealth. Consumption for the rich is mostly affected by demand shocks via their exposure to highly procyclical profits—for them, stabilizing consumption and inflation coincide. The poor are more vulnerable to supply shocks, hence aggressively stabilizing inflation is costly in terms of their consumption volatility. While they dislike inflation because it erodes real wages, they are hurt even more by an aggressive monetary policy response to inflation, which reduces real wages further while increasing unemployment.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Del Negro & Ibrahima Diagne & Keshav Dogra & Pranay Gundam & Donggyu Lee & Brian Pacula, 2025. "Tradeoffs for the Poor, Divine Coincidence for the Rich," Staff Reports 1147, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednsr:99759
    DOI: 10.59576/sr.1147
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    Keywords

    inflation; inequality; monetary policy; HANK model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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