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When for-profits and not-for-profits compete: theory and empirical evidence from retail banking

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  • William R. Emmons
  • Frank A. Schmid

Abstract

We model competition in local deposit markets between for-profit and not-for-profit financial institutions. For-profit retail banks may offer a superior bundle of financial services, but not-for-profit (occupational) credit unions enjoy sponsor subsidies that allow them to capture a share of the local market. The model predicts that greater participation in credit unions in a given county will be associated with higher levels of retail-bank concentration. We find empirical evidence of this association. The ability of credit unions to affect local banking market structure supports the presumption of current banking antitrust analysis that retail banking markets remain local. We identify local economic factors that modulate the nature of competition between banks and credit unions, including income per capita and population density.

Suggested Citation

  • William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2004. "When for-profits and not-for-profits compete: theory and empirical evidence from retail banking," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2004-01, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedlsp:2004-01
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    Cited by:

    1. Jolly, Robert W. & Koppenhaver, Gary D. & Roe, Joshua D., 2004. "Growth of Large-Scale Credit Unions in Iowa: Implications for Public Policy," Working Papers 18209, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. Jolly, Robert W. & Koppenhaver, Gary D. & Roe, Joshua D., 2004. "Growth of Large-Scale Credit Unions in Iowa: Implications for Public Policy," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12216, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.

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