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Monetary Policy and Medium-Term Fiscal Planning

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  • Douglas Hostland

Abstract

The medium-term fiscal plan is based on projections of fiscal revenues and expenditures, conditional on future economic and financial developments including the stance of the monetary policy. This paper investigates how a more aggressive monetary policy would influence medium-term fiscal planning objectives. From a theoretical perspective, the effect of a more aggressive monetary policy on fiscal planning is ambiguous. A more aggressive monetary policy could have a stabilizing or destabilizing influence, depending on several factors. We investigate this issue from an empirical perspective using stochastic simulation methods. Our stochastic simulation results indicate that a more aggressive monetary policy raises the variability of short-term interest rates, but can lower the variability of output, inflation and debt service costs. This stabilising influence means that the fiscal authority is more able to keep the debt-to-GDP ratio on a clear, downward profile without sacrificing its other objectives, namely "policy smoothing" and economic stabilisation. There is a limit, however, to the stabilising influence of monetary policy. The monetary authority can only reduce the variation in inflation to a certain point before it begins to have a destabilising influence on the "policy smoothing" and economic stabilisation objectives of fiscal policy. Le plan financier à moyen terme est établi à partir de projections des recettes et des dépenses fiscales, conditionnelles à l’évolution de l’économie et des finances, y compris à l’orientation de la politique monétaire. Ce document cherche à déterminer l’influence d’une politique monétaire plus énergique sur les objectifs de planification financière à moyen terme. En théorie, l’effet d’une politique monétaire plus énergique sur la planification financière est ambigu. Une telle politique pourrait avoir une influence stabilisatrice ou déstabilisatrice, selon plusieurs facteurs. Nous examinons cette question dans une perspective empirique à l’aide de méthodes stochastiques de simulation. Selon les résultats que nous obtenons, une politique monétaire plus énergique accroît la variabilité des taux d’intérêt à court terme, mais peut réduire la variabilité de la production, de l’inflation et des frais de service de la dette. Cette influence stabilisatrice signifie que les autorités financières sont mieux en mesure de maintenir le ratio de la dette au PIB sur une trajectoire à la baisse sans sacrifier leurs autres objectifs, à savoir l’« assouplissement des politiques » et la stabilisation économique. Toutefois, l’influence stabilisatrice de la politique monétaire a ses limites. Les autorités monétaires ne peuvent réduire la variation de l’inflation qu’à un certain point, avant qu’elle commence à avoir une influence déstabilisatrice sur les objectifs d’« assouplissement » et de stabilisation économique de la politique financière.

Suggested Citation

  • Douglas Hostland, "undated". "Monetary Policy and Medium-Term Fiscal Planning," Working Papers-Department of Finance Canada 2001-20, Department of Finance Canada.
  • Handle: RePEc:fca:wpfnca:2001-20
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    Cited by:

    1. Doug Hostland, "undated". "Fiscal Planning in an Era of Economic Stability," Working Papers-Department of Finance Canada 2003-10, Department of Finance Canada.
    2. David Bolder, 2003. "A Stochastic Simulation Framework for the Government of Canada's Debt Strategy," Staff Working Papers 03-10, Bank of Canada.

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