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The millennium round: An economic appraisal

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  • N.Nagarajan

Abstract

This paper combines both qualitative and quantitative economic analysis which shows that further multilateral trade liberalization through a WTO trade round could yield significant benefits for the global economy. The qualitative analysis restates the economic case for further multilateral trade liberalization, pointing out that trade has served as one of the engines of the global economy and that trade liberalization is a positive-sum game, whereas trade barriers generate significant welfare costs for countries which introduce them. It also highlights the role which trade liberalization can play in raising the growth prospects of the developing countries. The quantitative analysis reports results from a global computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. It is estimated that a 50 per cent across-the-board cut in global protection in all agricultural, industrial and services sectors coupled with a modest reduction in trade costs from a WTO agreement on trade facilitation could lead to annual welfare gains of around $400 billion for the world economy. In addition, a WTO agreement on competition could generate an annual welfare gain of approximately $85 billion. The study also refers to an independent and conservative estimate of a $75 billion annual windfall from a WTO agreement on investment.

Suggested Citation

  • N.Nagarajan, 1999. "The millennium round: An economic appraisal," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 139, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
  • Handle: RePEc:euf:ecopap:0139
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Camille Reverdy, 2023. "Estimating the general equilibrium effects of services trade liberalization," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 493-521, May.
    2. Jacques-Bernard Sauner-Leroy, 2003. "The impact of the implementation of the Single Market Programme on productive efficiency and on mark-ups in the European Union manufacturing industry," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 192, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    3. Theurl Theresia & Matschke Andrea, 2006. "Internationale Wettbewerbspolitik im institutionellen Wandel / International Competition Policy and Institutional Change," ORDO. Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, De Gruyter, vol. 57(1), pages 137-163, January.
    4. van Berkum, Siemen & van Meijl, Hans, 2000. "The application of trade and growth theories to agriculture: a survey," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 44(4), pages 1-38.
    5. 武田 史郎, 2007. "貿易政策を対象とした応用一般均衡分析," Discussion Papers (Japanese) 07010, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    6. Hess, Sebastian, 2005. "An Econometric Model of CGE Simulations," 2005 International Congress, August 23-27, 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark 24713, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. repec:got:cegedp:67 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Hess, Sebastian & von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan, 2007. "Assessing general and partial equilibrium simulations of Doha round outcomes using meta-analysis," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 67, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.

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