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Economic and Environmental Benefits of Forage Legume Intercropping in the Mixed System: A Case Study in West Gojam, Ethiopia

Author

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  • Menale Kassie

    (Ethiopian Development Research Institute)

Abstract

Fodder shortage and land degradation in the form of soil erosion and nutrient depletion remain the major constraints to agricultural productivity in the Ethiopian highlands. Forage legumes have the possibility to provide high quality and quantity of feed, to increase soil nitrogen, to accumulate an extra income to farmers, and to reduce soil erosion when they are intercropped with cereals; therefore intercropping legumes offer a ray of hope for small-scale, resource-poor farmers in developing countries. Despite these multiple benefits, few empirical studies have been done to advance evidences highlighting the effects of intercropping forage legumes with cereals on agricultural productivity and soil conservation. The forage legume-cereal intercropping system needs to be economically feasible and needs to meet the household food requirements in order to be adopted and sustained. In this study we attempt to fill this gap by assessing both the economic and the soil conservation implications of introducing legume-cereal intercropping in the mixed farming systems of the north-western Ethiopian highlands. Using a bio-economic linear programming model we generated an optimal farm which incorporated crop production jointly with livestock production, according the mixed farming system. The model combines household surveys with experimental data. The empirical results indicate that introducing forage legumecereal intercropping into a traditional mixed farming model increases farm household income and resource productivity, and reduces soil erosion and pressure on grazing land. Farm income and resource productivity increase in the range of 52-75 percent and 10-14 percent, respectively. In addition, soil erosion and the marginal value productivity of grazing land decreases in the range of 8-9 percent and 65 percent, respectively. In a sensitivity analysis of alternative model scenarios farm income was higher and more stable for forage legume-cereal intercropping farming systems than with the traditional mixed farming model. In sum, results imply that development interventions realizing the economic and environmental potential of forage legumes will help achieve a double goal of enhancing the livelihoods of rural households and at the same time preventing land degradation.

Suggested Citation

  • Menale Kassie, 2011. "Economic and Environmental Benefits of Forage Legume Intercropping in the Mixed System: A Case Study in West Gojam, Ethiopia," Working Papers 005, Policy Studies Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:etd:wpaper:005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tangka, F L & Emerson, R D & Jabbar, Mohammad A., 2002. "Food security effects of intensified dairying: Evidence from the Ethiopian highlands," Research Reports 182888, International Livestock Research Institute.
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    4. Ehui, S. K. & Kang, B. T. & Spencer, D. S. C., 1990. "Economic analysis of soil erosion effects in alley cropping, no-till and bush fallow systems in South Western Nigeria," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 349-368.
    5. Desta, Lakew & Kassie, Menale & Benin, S. & Pender, J., 2000. "Policies for Sustainable land management in the highlands of Ethiopia: Land Degradation in the highlands of Amhara region and strategies for sustainable land management," Research Reports 302360, International Livestock Research Institute.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abraha Negash, 2018. "Forage Production Potential of Maize Cowpea Intercropping In Maichew-Southern Tigray, Ethiopia," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 12(3), pages 61-69, June.
    2. Shimeles Damene & Dawit Diriba Guta & Mohammed Assen & Poshendra Satyal, 2020. "Socioeconomic determinants of farm household land allocation for grass pea production in North Wollo Zone of Amhara region, Ethiopia," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, December.

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