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¿Qué hacer con los impuestos que pagan las ganancias de capital en Chile?

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Listed:
  • Eduardo Engel
  • Alexander Galetovic

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza cualitativamente las consecuencias económicas de los impuestos a las ganancias de capital actualmente vigentes en Chile. Se describen los tratamientos especiales que reciben los distintos tipos de ganancia de capital y se analizan sus consecuencias sobre la asignación de recursos. Las principales conclusiones y proposiciones del estudio son las siguientes. Primero, la regla general en Chile es que las ganancias de capital deben tributar como ingreso ordinario. Esto es una virtud de nuestra ley porque simplifica los impuestos y dificulta la elusión. Los tratamientos especiales son la excepción y es conveniente eliminar casi todos los que existen. Segundo, es improbable que los impuestos que deben pagar algunos tipos de ganancias de capital en Chile actualmente distorsionen mucho la asignación de recursos. Tercero, aunque es improbable que el actual régimen perjudique apreciablemente el desarrollo del mercado bursátil, razones de eficiencia justifican eximir a las ganancias de capital que se obtengan al vender acciones y papeles con alta presencia en bolsa. Sin embargo, esta exención no se debería otorgar sin antes exigir legalmente a las bolsas que entreguen oportuna y transparentemente los precios a los cuales se transan los activos financieros beneficiados.

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Engel & Alexander Galetovic, 1998. "¿Qué hacer con los impuestos que pagan las ganancias de capital en Chile?," Documentos de Trabajo 46, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile.
    • Handle: RePEc:edj:ceauch:46
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