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México: evolución económica durante 2007 y perspectivas para 2008

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Rasgos generales de la evolución reciente La tasa de crecimiento de la economía mexicana se redujo de 4,8% en 2006 a 3,3% en 2007. Ello obedeció, por una parte, a la disminución del ritmo de expansión de la demanda externa debido a la desaceleración de la economía estadounidense, depositaria de poco más del 80% de las exportaciones. Asimismo, el entorno económico se caracterizó por una merma generalizada del dinamismo del consumo privado, la formación bruta de capital fijo, la generación de empleos, el ingreso de las familias y el crédito al sector privado, que se retroalimentaron para configurar un cuadro de menor crecimiento en un contexto de apreciación cambiaria. El dinamismo de las importaciones se tradujo en la ampliación del déficit comercial (1,2% del producto interno bruto, PIB), lo que contribuyó a aumentar el saldo negativo de la cuenta corriente de la balanza de pagos a 0,6% del producto, en comparación con 0,3% en 2006. Pese a que disminuyó el ritmo de crecimiento de las remesas, éstas alcanzaron 7% del PIB, con lo que se evitó que el déficit de la cuenta corriente fuera mayor. El sector público consolidado alcanzó un equilibrio virtual, y repitió el resultado del año anterior gracias a la contribución de los ingresos petroleros, equivalentes a 9% del PIB. El crecimiento de la economía mexicana en 2008 se debilitará debido al enfriamiento de la economía estadounidense, lo que significará una menor demanda de productos mexicanos y una reducción del envío de remesas. Se prevé una nueva desaceleración del PIB que, según se estima, aumentará 2,5% sustentado en la demanda interna. Para evitar la disminución del ritmo de la actividad económica, el gobierno aprobó un programa de inversión en infraestructura, sin que se sepa todavía qué efectos tendrá en la reactivación de la economía. Las elevadas cotizaciones de los alimentos mantendrán su influencia en el nivel general de precios, por lo que se pronostica que la tasa de inflación se ubicará en torno a 5,5%, en comparación con 3,8% de 2007. Mexico: Economic evolution during 2007 and outlook for 2008 Abstract: General features of the recent evolution The growth rate of the Mexican economy decreased from 4, 8% in 2006 to 3,3% in 2007. This development reflected the decreased rhythm of expansion of the external demand, which in turn was due to the deceleration of the American economy, which accounts for slightly over 80% of Mexican exports. The economic sphere was characterized by generally reduced growth rates of private consumption, gross fixed capital formation, employment generation, family incomes and credit to the private sector, which in conjunction with the rising exchange rate contributed to a decreased growth rate. The dynamism of imports gave rise to an increase of the trade deficit (1.2% of the gross domestic product, GDP), which in turn contributed to increasing the current account deficit to 0,6% of the product, in contrast to 0,3% in 2006. Despite the decreased growth rhythm of remittances, they amounted to 7% of GDP, which contained the size of the current account deficit. The consolidated public sector reached a virtual equilibrium, and repeated the result of the previous year thanks to the contribution of tax revenue from oil, which equal 9% of GDP. In 2008, the growth of the Mexican economy will weaken due to the downturn of the American economy, which will result in less demandfor Mexican products and a reduction of remittances. A continued slowdown of GDP is forecasted, with a projected growth rate of a mere 2.5%, driven by domestic demand. To avoid a decrease of the rhythm of economic activity, the government approved a investment program on infrastructure, the effects of which in reactivating the economy are still uncertain. The elevated food prices maintained their influence on the general price level, which has resulted in a forecast of inflation of approximately 5.5%, in comparison to 3.8% in 2007.

Suggested Citation

  • -, 2008. "México: evolución económica durante 2007 y perspectivas para 2008," Sede Subregional de la CEPAL en México (Estudios e Investigaciones) 25860, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
  • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col094:25860
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