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Graduation

Author

Listed:
  • Heil, Anton
  • Sulaiman, Munshi
  • Bandiera, Oriana
  • Burgess, Robin

Abstract

Graduation programs provide a targeted bundle of interventions that address participants basic needs, kick start income generating activities through asset and skill transfers, facilitate financial inclusion and promote social empowerment. This approach has been adapted to many contexts, but the goal is always to permanently improve participants welfare by enabling them to take up profitable and self-sustaining work. Initially developed in the non-government sector, the approach is increasingly incorporated into governments' social protection schemes around the world. This chapter details the workings of the graduation approach, the philosophy behind its design, its diverse applications, and the evidence of its impact.

Suggested Citation

  • Heil, Anton & Sulaiman, Munshi & Bandiera, Oriana & Burgess, Robin, 2024. "Graduation," CEPR Discussion Papers 19356, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:19356
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Poverty; Social protection; Big push;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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