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Percepción de inseguridad y comportamientos prosociales: implicaciones para políticas públicas

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  • Lina M. Moros

Abstract

Las medidas de percepción de inseguridad capturan la sensación de amenaza y miedo que siente una persona por su vida, la de sus allegados o sus libertades básicas. Al ser un indicador centrado en el individuo y basado no sólo en datos objetivos de violencia sino también en sus habilidades para manejar situaciones de estrés, la percepción que un individuo tiene sobre su seguridad refleja un marco psicológico que puede llevar a cambios en sus comportamientos. Este documento explora la relación que existe entre las percepciones de inseguridad y la cooperación y confianza usando experimentos económicos y encuestas con 760 participantes en cuatro municipios rurales de Antioquia, Colombia. Los resultados cuantitativos indican que la percepción de inseguridad tiene una relación negativa con la disposición a la cooperación, pero positiva con la confianza. Es decir, a mayor percepción de inseguridad, menor cooperación en el juego de bienes públicos y mayor cantidad enviada en el juego de la confianza. Este resultado se puede explicar por cambios en las preferencias sociales de las personas que llevan a que por miedo no participen en esfuerzos colectivos, pero sí confíen en su núcleo más cercano. ***** Measures of perceptions of insecurity capture individuals’ sense of threat and fear for their own life, their relatives’ or their basic freedoms. As an individual-centered measure, perceptions of insecurity are based not only in real violent facts, but also on individual’s ability to cope with stressful situations. As such, perceptions of insecurity reflect a psychological mindset that can exert an influence on people’s behaviors. This research explores how perceptions of insecurity affect cooperation and trust using field experiments and surveys with 760 farmers in four rural municipalities in Colombia. Quantitative analysis indicates people’s feelings of insecurity negatively affect contributions in the public good games, but affect in a positive manner amounts sent in the trust game. These results may suggest fear has an effect on individuals’ social preferences that leads to a decrease on collective action but in an increase of trust within their community.

Suggested Citation

  • Lina M. Moros, 2014. "Percepción de inseguridad y comportamientos prosociales: implicaciones para políticas públicas," Documentos de trabajo 17689, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017689
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