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Corrupción, incentivos y contrabando técnico en Colombia. 1998 – 2013

Author

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  • Torres Gómez, Edwin Esteban
  • Argüello Cuervo, Luis Ricardo

Abstract

Resumen: El contrabando técnico representa un problema para los hacedores de política económica pues tiene efectos perversos en temas fundamentales como la hacienda pública, la competencia de mercado y la informalidad. Sin embargo, a pesar de ser un problema tan importante son pocos los esfuerzos empíricos que se han hecho para estudiar los incentivos que están detrás de esta práctica ilegal, tanto a nivel global como para el caso colombiano. En este trabajo se desarrolla un modelo teórico a partir del cual se estudian los incentivos para la existencia del contrabando, y sus conclusiones se contrastan con una aplicación empírica en la que se utilizan datos de importaciones (reporte de origen y destino) de 24 sectores económicos (583 productos) provenientes de 84 países entre 1998 y 2013. Con estos datos se estima un modelo de panel de datos en el que se encuentra que hay una relación positiva entre la corrupción y el contrabando y también entre los aranceles y el contrabando técnico, indicando que se presenta una mayor subfacturación en productos que tienen aranceles altos, y provienen de países más corruptos. ABSTRACT: Technical smuggling represents a problem for economic policy makers, because it has perverse effects on fundamental issues such as public finance, market competition and informality. However, despite being such an important problem, few empirical efforts have been made to study the incentives behind this illegal practice, even at the global level, such as for the colombian case. In this paper we develop a teorethical model to study the incentives for the existence of this kind of smuggling, and its conclussions are contrasted with an empirical aplication in which we use data for imports (origin and destination reports) of 24 economic sectors (583 products) imported by Colombia from 84 countries between 1998 and 2013. With these data we estimate a panel data model in which we find a positive relationship between corruption and trade misinvoicing, and between tariffs and trade misinvoicing, indicating that there is a higher under-invoicing in products that have high tariffs and come from more corrupt countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Torres Gómez, Edwin Esteban & Argüello Cuervo, Luis Ricardo, 2019. "Corrupción, incentivos y contrabando técnico en Colombia. 1998 – 2013," Borradores Departamento de Economía 19614, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000196:019614
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Contrabando; Aranceles; Corrupción;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F19 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Other
    • D73 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption

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