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Planteamiento de la cuestión agraria en la historiografía agraria colombiana: 1936 – 2016

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  • Velásquez Torres, Juan Carlos

Abstract

Resumen: Este artículo hace una revisión del planteamiento de la cuestión agraria en la historiografía agraria colombiana durante el periodo 1936-2016. Para efectuar dicha revisión, el periodo objeto de análisis fue segmentado en cinco etapas así: 1936-1959, 1960-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-2011 y 2012-2016. La revisión permite corroborar la hipótesis según la cual la cuestión agraria cambia en el tiempo y, por tanto, la forma de plantearla varía según el contexto histórico en el que se la mire; cabe aclarar que al afirmar que la cuestión agraria cambia, lo que se quiere decir es que ella incorpora nuevos elementos, elementos que no tenía antes, dependiendo del contexto histórico en el cual se la enmarque. Concretamente, en el periodo 1936-1959, los ejes de la cuestión agraria fueron los derechos de propiedad, la concentración de la tierra y/o el mal uso de ésta. Para el periodo 1960-1979 la cuestión agraria adquirió un cariz político, al incorporarse al análisis la concentración del poder político; también tomó un cariz social, al ser resaltados fenómenos que afectan a las clases subalternas como la explotación y la pauperización. Para el periodo 1980-1989 el concepto de cuestión agraria comenzó a incorporar fenómenos como la violencia y la inseguridad en el campo. Por último, en las fases 1990-2011 y 2012-2016 se sumaron en la definición de la cuestión agraria elementos como la competitividad, la sostenibilidad ambiental y las políticas públicas. / Abstract : This article makes a review of the approaches to the agrarian question in the Colombian agrarian historiography during the period 1936-2016. To carry out this review, the period was segmented in five stages: 1936-1959, 1960-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-2011 and 2012- 2016. The review allows it to corroborate the hypothesis that the agrarian question changes over time, and therefore the way to tackle it varies according to the historical context in which it is studied; It should be clarified that by stating that the agrarian question changes, what is meant is that it incorporates new elements, elements that it did not have before, according to the historical context in which it is framed. Specifically, in the period 1936-1959, the main points of the agrarian question were property rights, land concentration and/or land misuse. For the period of 1960-1979 the agrarian question obtained a political tenor once the concentration of political power was taken into the analysis; It also took a social turn by highlighting phenomena that affected the subordinate classes such as exploitation and impoverishment. For the period of 1980-1989 the concept of the agrarian question began to incorporate phenomena such as violence and rural insecurity. Finally, in phases 1990-2011 and 2012-2016, elements such as competitiveness, environmental sustainability and public policies were added to the definition of the agrarian question.

Suggested Citation

  • Velásquez Torres, Juan Carlos, 2017. "Planteamiento de la cuestión agraria en la historiografía agraria colombiana: 1936 – 2016," Borradores Departamento de Economía 17518, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000196:017518
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    cuestión agraria; derechos de propiedad; distribución de la tierra; uso de la tierra; poder político; explotación del trabajador rural; pauperización del campesino; violencia; competitividad; sostenibilidad ambiental; institucionalidad y políticas públicas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N01 - Economic History - - General - - - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
    • Q15 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment

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