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Abstract
El presente escrito condensa 13 anos de investigación intermitente sobre cultivos de uso ilícito (coca) por parte del autor, y pretende dar luces al letargo y fase de oscuridad en la que se sumerge la actual política antidrogas en Colombia, dada la gran expansión de los cultivos de uso ilícito en los últimos anos. Esta llamada fase de “oscuridad” se asocia a la ineptitud y baja capacidad de análisis del gobierno nacional de turno, a una problemática compleja que exige un visión integral y holística. Para ello este artículo presenta por primera vez de forma sistemática y relacional, 7 trabajos de investigación, que, aunque tocan temas diferenciales sobre cultivos de uso ilícito (coca) y fueron escritos en diferentes periodos, permitieron construir un gran macrorrelato, dada su complementariedad. Un macrorrelato que trata de explicar el fracaso de la política antidrogas basada en fumigaciones y plantea estrategias diferentes. Los relatos no van a profundizar en aspectos metodológicos, para ello se van a citar las fuentes de consulta de los artículos científicos directamente. Este documento pretende ser una reflexión a partir de las principales conclusiones de los relatos (artículos publicados), siguiendo un hilo armónico que los una poco a poco para generar una gran conclusión general final, a la luz del actual momento de crisis actual asociada a la política antidrogas y tomando como complemento el más reciente informe de Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito (UNODC) publicado en Julio de 2020. *** This document summarizes 13 years of intermittent research on crops for illicit use (coca) done by the author, and aims to give ideas in this “darkness moment”of the anti-drug policy in Colombia, given the great expansion of illicit crops in recent years. This "dark moment" is associated with the ineptitude and low capacity of the current government. Crops for illicit use are a complex problem that requires an integrated and holistic vision. Because of that, this article shows for the first time in a systematic and relational way, 7 research papers, although they talk about different issues associated with crops for illicit use (coca) and were written in different periods, allowed the construction of a great macro-story, given their complementarity. A macro-story that tries to explain the failures and mistakes of the anti-drug policy based on spraying and proposes different strategies. This document is not going to delve into methodological aspects, but we are going to cite the sources of the scientific articles directly. This document aims to be a reflection based on the main conclusions of the stories (published articles), following a harmonious thread that joins them little by little to generate a great final general conclusion, that gives elements to help in the actual crisis associated with the anti-drug policy, and complement the most recent report of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) published in July 2020.
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