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Propuesta para el desarrollo de la Orinoquía colombiana

Author

Listed:
  • Puyana, Rafael

    (FEDESARROLLO)

  • Mejía, Luis Fernando

    (FEDESARROLLO)

  • Porto, Indira
  • Bernal, Manuela
  • Zambrano, Camila

Abstract

La región de la Orinoquía en Colombia tiene un potencial significativo para convertirse en un actor clave en la agricultura latinoamericana y global. Este potencial es comparable al desarrollo del estado brasileño de Mato Grosso que, a lo largo de varias décadas, se transformó en uno de los principales productores agrícolas del mundo. Este documento explora las oportunidades y desafíos para la Orinoquía, y propone un programa de reformas para aumentar la seguridad jurídica de la tierra y de inversiones en infraestructura, abastecimiento de agroinsumos, capital humano, financiamiento, encadenamientos y productividad, para lograr una trayectoria de desarrollo similar a la de Mato Grosso. Los efectos macroeconómicos para Colombia serían muy relevantes: el PIB agrícola podría crecer a una tasa anual promedio de hasta 12,9% en Vichada y 14% en Meta entre el 2024 y el 2045, superando incluso a Mato Grosso. El efecto acumulado en la economía colombiana entre 2024 y 2045 equivaldría al 51,2% del PIB de 2023, con la creación de entre 39,000 y 53,900 nuevos empleos al 2045.

Suggested Citation

  • Puyana, Rafael & Mejía, Luis Fernando & Porto, Indira & Bernal, Manuela & Zambrano, Camila, 2025. "Propuesta para el desarrollo de la Orinoquía colombiana," Informes de Investigación 21055, Fedesarrollo.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000124:021055
    Note: Financiador: Fondo para el Análisis de Reformas a las Políticas Públicas
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crecimiento Económico; Descentralización y Desarrollo Regional; Agronegocios; Desarrollo Regional; Orinoquía; Altillanura;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • Q10 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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