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¿Es El Eva, Realmente, Un Indicador Del Valor Económico Agregado?

Author

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  • Hernán Herrera Echeverry

Abstract

En este artículo se hace un análisis sobre la validez del EVA (Economic Value Added) como una medida del valor generado, y de su utilidad para la evaluación de proyectos de inversión. Primero se muestran varias formas de calcular el EVA, haciendo ejercicios ilustrativos en cada caso, posteriormente se establece la equivalencia entre el MVA (Market Value Added) y el VPN (valor presente neto) como criterios para la evaluación de proyectos de inversión finitos y perpetuos con recuperación parcial y total de la inversión. Se realiza un examen crítico mostrando las limitaciones y posibilidades del EVA como medida de valor económico agregado, y se plantea la utilidad de indicadores de ingreso residual para complementar al EVA como criterios de medición de valor, tales son el CVA (Cash Value Added), TRFC (tasa de retorno del flujo de caja) y Utilidad Económica (UE). Finalmente, se hace un ejemplo en donde se explicita cómo el valor presente del CVA coincide con el MVA y el VPN. ***** In this article we analyze the relevance of EVA (Economic Value Added) as a tool for measuring value added, as well as its usefulness as an indicator in choosing investment projects. First, we show five ways of calculating EVA, providing examples of each case. Second, we show MVA (Market Value Added) and NPV (Net Present Value) to be equivalent as criteria used to evaluate investment projects. This is done with both the limited term and the perpetual cases, as well as for projects with partial and total recovery of the investment. We present a thorough analysis, showing the possibilities and limitations of EVA as a value added measure. We also introduce three measurements of residual income, CVA (Cash Value Added), Cash Flow Return on Investment (CFROI) and Economic Profit (EP), which complement EVA in the value measurement process. Finally, we introduce an example that explicitly shows the equivalence between CVA's present value, MVA and NPV.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernán Herrera Echeverry, 2006. "¿Es El Eva, Realmente, Un Indicador Del Valor Económico Agregado?," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 11810, Universidad EAFIT.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000122:011810
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    CVA (Valor de efectivo agregado); TRFC (tasa de retorno del flujo de caja); Utilidad Económica (UE); MVA (valor de mercado agregado); VPN (valor presente neto); EVA (Valor económico agregado); Ingreso residual; Valoración de proyectos por flujos de caja descontados;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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