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Rendimiento ex-dividendo como indicador de eficiencia en un mercado emergente: caso colombiano 1999-2007

Author

Listed:
  • Arroyave C., Elizabeth T.
  • Agudelo R., Diego A.

Abstract

Resumen:Se evalúa el rendimiento ex-dividendo en acciones colombianas entre 1999 y 2007, período que incluye la conformación en Julio de 2001 de la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia resultado de la integración de tres bolsas previamente existentes. Contrario a la hipótesis de eficiencia de mercado, se encontraron rendimientos ex-dividendo positivos y estadísticamente significativos, similares a los evidenciados en diversos mercados internacionales. Se comprueba que los rendimientos ex-dividendo no son explicados en su totalidad por costos de transacción ni por efectos impositivos. Una estrategia limitada de captura de dividendos, substrayendo dichos costos, habría entregado rendimientos positivos y económicamente importantes entre 2006 y 2007 en las acciones más liquidas del mercado. Sin embargo, estos rendimientos tienden a disminuir en el período de estudio, consistentes con un avance hacia una mayor eficiencia en el mercado accionario colombiano después de la integración. Este estudio pone de relieve la importancia de considerar las fricciones en estudios académicos de eficiencia y de evaluación de estrategias especulativas.Abstract:We study the ex-dividend return in the Colombian stock market between 1999 and 2007, period that includes the merger of the former three Colombian stock exchanges in the Bolsa de Valores de Colombia in July 2001. Contrary to the Efficient Market Hypothesis, we found positive and statistically significant ex-dividend returns in the sampled period, only in part explained by transaction cost and tax effects. Moreover, even subtracting transaction costs and tax effects, a dividend capture strategy would have got positive and economically sizable returns between 2006 and 2007 in the most liquid stocks. The decrease of those ex-dividend returns is also reported along the studied period, providing evidence of increasing informational efficiency after the merger of the three stock exchanges. Methodologically, this study highlights the importance of accounting for frictions in both academic efficiency studies and in testing speculative strategies by practitioners.

Suggested Citation

  • Arroyave C., Elizabeth T. & Agudelo R., Diego A., 2012. "Rendimiento ex-dividendo como indicador de eficiencia en un mercado emergente: caso colombiano 1999-2007," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 10656, Universidad EAFIT.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000122:010656
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    Keywords

    Mercados financieros; Eficiencia de mercado; Rendimiento exdividendo; Costos de transacción; Estrategias especulativas; Efectos impositivos; Microestructura de mercados; Financial Markets; Market Efficiency; Ex-dividend return; Speculative strategies; Transaction costs; Tax effects on returns; Market microstructure;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

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