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Desigualdad De Ingresos, Esfuerzos Y Portunidades - Un Estudio Del Caso Colombiano

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Listed:
  • Jairo Núnez
  • Juan Carlos Ramírez
  • Bibiana Taboada

Abstract

Si la educación y los ingresos de los individuos dependen de características heredadas, la inequidad se perpetúa y la política social tiene un menor espacio para corregir este fenómeno. Este estudio, por un lado, presenta algunas medidas de movilidad social para Colombia y, por otro, simula una situación en la cual las personas tienen las mismas oportunidades (se igualan las características heredadas). Aunque es claro que la movilidad social es muy baja, este no es un motivo para desalentar a quienes dirigen la política social; por el contrario, como es mayor el reto, mayor debe ser la inversión y la eficacia de los programas sociales implementados. Los resultados de las simulaciones muestran que si las personas tuvieran las mismas oportunidades al nacer (características heredadas) la distribución del ingreso podría mejorar entre 12 y 28% según el índice de inequidad que se utilice (Gini o Theil) o la unidad de análisis que se considere (personas u hogares). Esto, por supuesto, dejaría a Colombia mejor situado dentro del contexto latinoamericano pero, aún se quedaría corto en lo que respecta el ranking mundial.

Suggested Citation

  • Jairo Núnez & Juan Carlos Ramírez & Bibiana Taboada, 2006. "Desigualdad De Ingresos, Esfuerzos Y Portunidades - Un Estudio Del Caso Colombiano," Documentos CEDE 2296, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:002296
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaime Tenjo, 2004. "Educación y movilidad social en Colombia," Documentos de Economía 2408, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá.
    2. A.B. Atkinson & F. Bourguignon (ed.), 2000. "Handbook of Income Distribution," Handbook of Income Distribution, Elsevier, edition 1, volume 1, number 1.
    3. Fran??ois Bourguignon & Francisco H.G. Ferreira & Marta Men??ndez, 2003. "Inequality of Outcomes and Inequality of Opportunities in Brazil," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 2003-630, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    4. Checchi, Daniele & Ichino, Andrea & Rustichini, Aldo, 1999. "More equal but less mobile?: Education financing and intergenerational mobility in Italy and in the US," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(3), pages 351-393, December.
    5. François Bourguignon & Francisco H. G. Ferreira & Marta Menéndez, 2007. "Inequality Of Opportunity In Brazil," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 53(4), pages 585-618, December.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Desigualdad de oportunidades; desigualdad del ingreso; movilidad intergeneracional;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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