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Gains en compétence et coûts financiers du rehaussement des différentes formations infirmières au Québec

Author

Listed:
  • Jolianne Bolduc
  • Roxane Borgès Da Silva
  • François Vaillancourt

Abstract

Quebec is the only province where it is possible to work as a nurse technician without a bachelor's degree. To practice their profession, nursing assistants need a Diploma of Professional Studies (DEP), while nurse technicians need a Diploma of College Studies (DEC). A university undergraduate degree is required to practice as a clinical nurse, while specialized nurse practitioners need a Master's degree in nursing in addition to a specialized post-graduate diploma. Since 1996, all Canadian provinces except Quebec have raised the entry requirements for the right to practice nursing by making a baccalaureate degree in nursing mandatory, following in the footsteps of several other countries. What would be the economic impact of such a move in Quebec? This report proposes answers to this question in three areas. First, the results suggest that the private and social return on education for a clinical nurse compared to a nurse technician is 18% and 11% respectively. Thus, raising the educational requirements for nurses to a university undergraduate degree would have a positive impact at both the private, i.e. individual, and societal levels. In terms of healthcare system costs, raising the educational requirements for the nursing profession would increase costs by up to $263 million annually for the entire healthcare system in Quebec. This cost increase is mainly due to the fact that the salary scale for a clinical nurse is higher than that of a nurse technician. Finally, the authors estimate that to meet the needs of the Quebec population by 2041, the nursing workforce would have to be increased by around 33%. If we compare this growth rate with that of the last 10 years, additional efforts will be required. Le Québec est la seule province où il est possible d’exercer sa profession d’infirmière technicienne sans devoir détenir un baccalauréat. Pour exercer leur profession, les infirmières auxiliaires doivent détenir un diplôme d’études professionnelles (DEP) alors que les infirmières techniciennes doivent détenir un diplôme d’études collégial (DEC). Un diplôme universitaire de premier cycle est toutefois exigé pour exercer la profession d’infirmière clinicienne tandis que les infirmières praticiennes spécialisées doivent détenir une maîtrise en sciences infirmières en complément d’un diplôme d’études supérieures spécialisées. À partir de 1996, toutes les provinces du Canada à l’exception du Québec ont rehaussé les critères d’entrée requis au droit de pratique de la profession infirmière en rendant le baccalauréat de premier cycle universitaire obligatoire, emboîtant le pas à plusieurs autres pays. Quels seraient les impacts économiques d’un pareil rehaussement des exigences au Québec ? Ce rapport propose des réponses à cette question sous trois volets. D’abord, les résultats suggèrent que le rendement privé et social de l’éducation d’une infirmière clinicienne comparativement à une infirmière technicienne est de 18 % et 11 % respectivement. Ainsi, le rehaussement des exigences en matière de formation des infirmières vers l’exigence d’un diplôme de baccalauréat aurait des retombées positives tant au niveau privé, donc individuel, que sociétal. Du point de vue des coûts du système de santé, le rehaussement de la formation requise pour exercer la profession infirmière entrainerait une hausse des coûts d’au plus 263 M$ annuellement pour l’ensemble du système de santé au Québec. Cette hausse des coûts découle principalement du fait que l’échelle de salaire d’une infirmière clinicienne est supérieure à celle d’une infirmière technicienne. Enfin, les auteurs estiment que pour répondre aux besoins de la population québécoise d’ici 2041, il faudrait augmenter l’effectif infirmier d’environ 33 %. Des efforts supplémentaires devraient donc être déployés si on compare ce taux de croissance à celui des 10 dernières années.

Suggested Citation

  • Jolianne Bolduc & Roxane Borgès Da Silva & François Vaillancourt, 2024. "Gains en compétence et coûts financiers du rehaussement des différentes formations infirmières au Québec," CIRANO Project Reports 2024rp-14, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2024rp-14
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2024RP-14.pdf
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