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Desacople y Descomposición del Consumo Final de Energía en Argentina

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  • Mariana Conte Grand

Abstract

Un alto porcentaje de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) del planeta provienen de la producción y el uso de la energía. Argentina no escapa a esta situación ya que, al 2014, 53% de los GEI provienen de dicha fuente. Una de las principales formas de reducir los GEI es a través de eficiencia energética (EE). Según fuentes internacionales, estas tienen tanto potencial de reducción de emisiones como la introducción de energías renovables. Hay más de medio centenar de trabajos en el mundo que han medido la contribución de la EE para morigerar el uso de energía por medio de las llamadas técnicas de descomposición. No hay ningún estudio publicado para Argentina que lo haga. Este documento llena este vacío. Lo que permiten los métodos de descomposición es diferenciar qué parte de los cambios en la demanda energética se deben a variaciones en: la actividad productiva, la estructura productiva, y la intensidad en el consumo de energía. Los resultados encontrados muestran que entre 2004 y 2017 el consumo de energía para uso final subió en gran medida debido a la variación en el nivel de actividad y la disminución en la intensidad energética tuvo un efecto compensador. Ese mismo desacople débil entre energía y actividad se encontró en la industria y en el agro, aunque fue menor en este último caso. Cuando se consideran ambos sectores en su conjunto, se encuentra un muy reducido efecto estructura ya que la composición de la actividad económica ha cambiado poco. En general, los resultados aquí encontrados son similares a la literatura.

Suggested Citation

  • Mariana Conte Grand, 2018. "Desacople y Descomposición del Consumo Final de Energía en Argentina," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 678, Universidad del CEMA.
    • Handle: RePEc:cem:doctra:678
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    References listed on IDEAS

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