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Kuhn's Theorem for Games of the Extensive Form with Unawareness

Author

Listed:
  • Ki Vin Foo
  • Burkhard C. Schipper

    (Department of Economics, University of California Davis)

Abstract

We extend Kuhn's Theorem to games of the extensive form with unawareness. This extension is not obvious: First, games of the extensive form with non-trivial unawareness involve a forest of partially ordered game trees rather than just one game tree. An information set at a node in one tree may consist of nodes in a less expressive tree. Consequently, perfect recall takes a more complicated form as players may also become aware of new actions during the play. Second, strategies can only be partially an object of ex ante choice in games with unawareness. Finally, nodes that a player may expect to reach with a strategy profile may not be the nodes that actually occur with this strategy profile, requiring us to define appropriate notions of equivalence of strategies. We show if a game of the extensive form with unawareness has perfect recall, then for each mixed strategy there is an equivalent behavior strategy but the converse does not hold under unawareness.

Suggested Citation

  • Ki Vin Foo & Burkhard C. Schipper, 2025. "Kuhn's Theorem for Games of the Extensive Form with Unawareness," Working Papers 369, University of California, Davis, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:cda:wpaper:369
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    File URL: https://repec.dss.ucdavis.edu/files/e9htj0b0w86b327cj08hvsqdcu81/unawkuhn9.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Perfect recall; mixed strategy; behavior strategy; unawareness;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C72 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Noncooperative Games
    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness

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