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Why has COVID-19 hit different European Union economies so differently?

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  • André Sapir

Abstract

All European Union countries are undergoing severe output losses as a consequence of the COVID-19 crisis, but some have been hurt more than others. In response to the crisis, EU leaders have agreed on a Recovery and Resilience Fund (RFF), which will help all EU countries, but those hit hardest will benefit most. This Policy Contribution explores why some countries have been hit economically more than others by COVID-19. Using...

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  • André Sapir, 2020. "Why has COVID-19 hit different European Union economies so differently?," Bruegel Policy Contributions 38303, Bruegel.
    • Handle: RePEc:bre:polcon:38303
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    Cited by:

    1. Ángel Luis Gómez & Ana del Río, 2021. "The uneven impact of the health crisis on the euro area economies in 2020," Occasional Papers 2115, Banco de España.
    2. Buesa, Alejandro & Pérez, Javier J. & Santabárbara, Daniel, 2021. "Awareness of pandemics and the impact of COVID-19," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    3. Alexandra Irina Dănciulescu, 2021. "Manager’S Decisions Influenced By Risks In A Pandemic Situation- Sme’S In Ict Sector," Romanian Economic Business Review, Romanian-American University, vol. 16(4), pages 62-75, december.
    4. Grégory Claeys & Zsolt Darvas & Maria Demertzis & Guntram B. Wolff, 2021. "The Great COVID-19 Divergence: Managing a Sustainable and Equitable Recovery in the EU," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 56(4), pages 211-219, July.
    5. Lukas Cibik & Leon Richvalsky, 2023. "The Economy of EU Member Countries in 2020 from Perspective of Magic Square," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 8, pages 3-21.
    6. Enrico Berbenni & Stefano Colombo, 2021. "The impact of pandemics: revising the Spanish Flu in Italy in light of models’ predictions, and some lessons for the Covid-19 pandemic," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 48(2), pages 219-243, June.
    7. Karina Bedrunka & Łukasz Mach & Anna Kuczuk & Anna Bohdan, 2021. "Identification and Analysis of Structural Fund Support Mitigating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the EU—A Case Study of Health Unit Funding," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    8. Grégory Claeys & Zsolt Darvas & Maria Demertzis & Guntram B. Wolff, 2021. "The great COVID-19 divergence- managing a sustainable and equitable recovery in the European Union," Bruegel Policy Contributions 42740, Bruegel.
    9. Afonso, Oscar & Pinho, Mafalda, 2022. "How to reverse a negative asymmetric labor productivity shock in the European Union? A directed technical change analysis with fiscal and monetary policies," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 47-67.
    10. Karina Bedrunka & Ireneusz Dąbrowski, 2022. "Recommendations for changes in the methodology of public EU funds allocation in the context of economic crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 53(6), pages 605-624.
    11. Ángel Luis Gómez & Ana del Río, 2021. "El impacto desigual de la crisis sanitaria sobre las economías del área del euro en 2020," Occasional Papers 2115, Banco de España.
    12. Vytautas Kuokštis & Ringailė Kuokštytė, 2023. "How Institutions Moderated the Pandemic's Economic Impact in EU Member States," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(2), pages 503-525, March.
    13. Gian Maria Milesi-Ferretti, 2024. "The Travel Shock," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 72(4), pages 1502-1519, December.
    14. Krämer-Eis, Helmut & Botsari, Antonia & Gvetadze, Salome & Lang, Frank & Torfs, Wouter, 2023. "The European Small Business Finance Outlook 2023," EIF Working Paper Series 2023/96, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    15. Chara Vavoura & Ioannis Vavouras, 2022. "Sustainable economic development in the European Union and COVID-19," Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 449-467, April.
    16. Kraemer-Eis, Helmut & Botsari, Antonia & Gvetadze, Salome & Lang, Frank & Torfs, Wouter, 2021. "European Small Business Finance Outlook 2021," EIF Working Paper Series 2021/75, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    17. Mirko Licchetta & Eric Meyermans, 2022. "Gross Fixed Capital Formation in the Euro Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 57(4), pages 238-246, July.
    18. Kraemer-Eis, Helmut & Botsari, Antonia & Gvetadze, Salome & Lang, Frank & Torfs, Wouter, 2022. "European Small Business Finance Outlook 2022," EIF Working Paper Series 2022/84, European Investment Fund (EIF).

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