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Efectos de los cambios en la composición del empleo sobre la evolución de los salarios en la zona del euro: un análisis con datos de panel

Author

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  • Ángel Luis Gómez

    (Banco de España)

Abstract

En la zona del euro, la composición del empleo experimentó variaciones significativas desde el comienzo de la crisis financiera, particularmente en lo referente a la edad y al nivel educativo de los asalariados, así como en la incidencia de la contratación temporal. En este trabajo se explotan dos nuevos conjuntos de datos de panel para estimar en qué medida los cambios en la composición del empleo desempeñaron un papel importante a la hora de explicar el débil crecimiento de los salarios en el conjunto de la zona del euro y en sus principales países miembros durante la etapa de recuperación económica que siguió a la crisis financiera. Este tipo de análisis, en el que se sigue al mismo individuo durante varios períodos de tiempo, permite tratar econométricamente el efecto de la productividad individual, así como evitar determinados sesgos que podrían afectar al uso de datos de sección cruzada. Se concluye que los cambios en la composición del empleo ejercieron cierto efecto positivo sobre los salarios en la zona del euro entre 2010 y 2012. Sin embargo, a partir de 2013 y hasta 2017, último período para el que se dispone de datos individuales, este efecto cambió de signo y aumentó de magnitud, amortiguando el crecimiento de los salarios agregados. En los dos últimos años analizados, el efecto fue particularmente relevante, situándose su impacto en el entorno de 1 punto porcentual. La corrección del efecto de los cambios de composición en el empleo sobre los salarios permite obtener una relación más estrecha entre estos y las condiciones cíclicas.

Suggested Citation

  • Ángel Luis Gómez, 2020. "Efectos de los cambios en la composición del empleo sobre la evolución de los salarios en la zona del euro: un análisis con datos de panel," Occasional Papers 2028, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:opaper:2028e
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    efectos de composición; datos de panel; efectos fijos individuales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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