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From banks to DeFi: the evolution of the lending market

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  • Jiahua Xu
  • Nikhil Vadgama

Abstract

The Internet of Value (IOV) with its distributed ledger technology (DLT) underpinning has created new forms of lending markets. As an integral part of the decentralised finance (DeFi) ecosystem, lending protocols are gaining tremendous traction, holding an aggregate liquidity supply of over $40 billion at the time of writing. In this paper, we enumerate the challenges of traditional money markets led by banks and lending platforms, and present advantageous characteristics of DeFi lending protocols that might help resolve deep-rooted issues in the conventional lending environment. With the examples of Maker, Compound and Aave, we describe in detail the mechanism of DeFi lending protocols. We discuss the persisting reliance of DeFi lending on the traditional financial system, and conclude with the outlook of the lending market in the IOV era.

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  • Jiahua Xu & Nikhil Vadgama, 2021. "From banks to DeFi: the evolution of the lending market," Papers 2104.00970, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2022.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2104.00970
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. McLeay, Michael & Radia, Amar & Thomas, Ryland, 2014. "Money creation in the modern economy," Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, Bank of England, vol. 54(1), pages 14-27.
    2. Massimo Bartoletti & James Hsin-yu Chiang & Alberto Lluch-Lafuente, 2020. "SoK: Lending Pools in Decentralized Finance," Papers 2012.13230, arXiv.org.
    3. Fabian Lindner, 2015. "Does Saving Increase the Supply of Credit? A Critique of Loanable Funds Theory," World Economic Review, World Economics Association, vol. 2015(4), pages 1-1, February.
    4. Daniel Perez & Sam M. Werner & Jiahua Xu & Benjamin Livshits, 2020. "Liquidations: DeFi on a Knife-edge," Papers 2009.13235, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2021.
    5. Sam M. Werner & Daniel Perez & Lewis Gudgeon & Ariah Klages-Mundt & Dominik Harz & William J. Knottenbelt, 2021. "SoK: Decentralized Finance (DeFi)," Papers 2101.08778, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2022.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jiahua Xu & Yebo Feng, 2022. "Reap the Harvest on Blockchain: A Survey of Yield Farming Protocols," Papers 2210.04194, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2022.
    2. Simon Cousaert & Jiahua Xu & Toshiko Matsui, 2021. "SoK: Yield Aggregators in DeFi," Papers 2105.13891, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2022.
    3. Raphael Auer & Bernhard Haslhofer & Stefan Kitzler & Pietro Saggese & Friedhelm Victor, 2024. "The technology of decentralized finance (DeFi)," Digital Finance, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 55-95, March.
    4. Peplluis R. Esteva & Andrés El-Fakdi & Alberto Ballesteros-Rodríguez, 2023. "Invoice Discounting Using Kelly Criterion by Automated Market Makers-like Implementations," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-37, March.
    5. Fantacci, Luca & Lorenzini, Marcella, 2024. "Technology versus trust: Non-bank credit systems from notarized loans in Early Modern Europe to cryptolending," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 83-95.
    6. Lioba Heimbach & Eric Schertenleib & Roger Wattenhofer, 2023. "DeFi Lending During The Merge," Papers 2303.08748, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    7. Junliang Luo & Stefan Kitzler & Pietro Saggese, 2024. "Investigating Similarities Across Decentralized Financial (DeFi) Services," Papers 2404.00034, arXiv.org.
    8. BELAŞCU Lucian & HOROBEȚ Alexandra & MNOHOGHITNEI Irina, 2022. "Bitcoin is so Last Decade – How Decentralized Finance (DeFi) could Shape the Digital Economy," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 01, March.
    9. Francesca Carapella & Nathan Swem, 2022. "Decentralized Finance (DeFi): Transformative Potential & Associated Risks," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022-057, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

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