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Параметры фискальной политики Казахстана. // Parameters of Kazakhstan’s Fiscal Policy

Author

Listed:
  • Жакупова Меруерт // Zhakupova Meruyert

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

  • Ханетова Аякоз // Khanetova Ayakoz

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

Abstract

В последние годы, особенно в свете глобальных кризисов, все большую популярность приобретает анализ фискальной политики с использованием концепции структурного баланса. Некоторые страны в целях преодоления проблемы процикличности и фискальной волатильности начали закреплять правовую базу для бюджетных правил, основанных на структурном балансе. Суть этого заключается в том, что фискальная политика, основанная на правилах, позволяет автоматическим стабилизаторам свободно работать в течение цикла и накапливать профицит бюджета в «хорошие» времена. Однако оценка структурного баланса сопряжена с рядом методологических проблем, включая степень неопределенности оценки. Настоящая работа посвящена изучению фискальной политики Республики Казахстан в период 2010 – 2022 годы путем оценивания циклически- скорректированного фискального баланса, ненефтяного фискального баланса и структурного фискального баланса с целью анализа характера фискальной политики Казахстана, в том числе с учетом сырьевой направленности нашей экономики. Результаты оценки свидетельствуют о тенденции к процикличности фискальной политики. Оценки, приведенные в данной работе, могут быть использованы для дальнейшего углубленного изучения характера фискальной политики Казахстана с использованием других методов, а также фискальными властями в целях закрепления бюджетных правил, основанных на структурном фискальном балансе. // In recent years, especially in the light of global crises, the fiscal policy analysis using the concept of structural balance has become increasingly popular. Some countries, in order to overcome the problem of pro-cyclicality and fiscal volatility, have begun to consolidate the legal framework for fiscal rules based on structural balance. The essence of this is that the rules-based fiscal policy allows automatic stabilizers to function freely through the cycle and build up budget surpluses in “good” times. However, the estimation of structural balance is associated with a number of methodological problems, including the degree of uncertainty in the estimation. This paper is devoted to the study of fiscal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan during 2010 – 2022 by estimating the cyclically adjusted fiscal balance, non-oil fiscal balance and structural fiscal balance in order to analyze the nature of Kazakhstan’s fiscal policy, also taking into account the raw-material orientation of our economy. The estimation results point to a trend towards a pro-cyclical fiscal policy. The estimates provided in this paper can be used for further in-depth study of the nature of Kazakhstan’s fiscal policy using other methods, as well as by the fiscal authorities in order to consolidate fiscal rules based on the structural fiscal balance.

Suggested Citation

  • Жакупова Меруерт // Zhakupova Meruyert & Ханетова Аякоз // Khanetova Ayakoz, 2023. "Параметры фискальной политики Казахстана. // Parameters of Kazakhstan’s Fiscal Policy," Working Papers #2023-9, National Bank of Kazakhstan.
  • Handle: RePEc:aob:wpaper:47
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    Keywords

    Kazakhstan; fiscal policy; tax and budget policy; fiscal expansion; government revenues; government expenditure; government spending; fiscal impulse; structural fiscal balance; budget deficit; non-oil deficit; oil revenues; output gap; budget revenue elasticity with respect to output gap; procyclical fiscal policy; Казахстан; фискальная политика; налогово-бюджетная политика; фискальная экспансия; государственные доходы; государственные расходы; фискальный импульс; структурный фискальный баланс; бюджетный дефицит; ненефтяной дефицит; нефтяные доходы; разрыв выпуска; эластичность доходов бюджета к разрыву выпуска; проциклическая фискальная политика;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H61 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Budget; Budget Systems
    • H62 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Deficit; Surplus

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