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Анализ рисков потребительских кредитов с помощью алгоритмов машинного обучения // Consumer credit risk analysis via machine learning algorithms

Author

Listed:
  • Байкулаков Шалкар // Baikulakov Shalkar

    (Center for the Development of Payment and Financial Technologies)

  • Белгибаев Зангар // Belgibayev Zanggar

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

Abstract

Данное исследование представляет собой попытку оценки кредитоспособности физических лиц с помощью алгоритмов машинного обучения на основе данных, предоставляемых банками второго уровня Национальному Банку Республики Казахстан. Оценка кредитоспособности заемщиков позволяет НБРК исследовать качество выданных кредитов банками второго уровня и прогнозировать потенциальные системные риски. В данном исследовании были применены два линейных и шесть нелинейных методов классификации (линейные модели - логистическая регрессия, стохастический градиентный спуск, и нелинейные - нейронные сети, k-ближайшие соседи (kNN), дерево решений (decision tree), случайный лес (random tree), XGBoost, наивный Байесовский классификатор (Naïve Bayes)) и сравнивались алгоритмы, основанные на правильности классификации (accuracy), точности (precision) и ряде других показателей. Нелинейные модели показывают более точные прогнозы по сравнению с линейными моделями. В частности, нелинейные модели, такие как случайный лес (random forest) и k-ближайшие соседи (kNN) на передискредитированных данных (oversampled data) продемонстрировали наиболее многообещающие результаты. // This project is an attempt to assess the creditworthiness of individuals through machine learning algorithms and based on regulatory data provided by second-tier banks to the central bank. The assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers can allow the central bank to investigate the accuracy of issued loans by second-tier banks, and predict potential systematic risks. In this project, two linear and six nonlinear classification methods were developed (linear models – Logistic Regression, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and nonlinear - Neural Networks, kNN, Decision tree, Random forest, XGBoost, Naïve Bayes), and the algorithms were compared based on accuracy, precision, and several other metrics. The non-linear models illustrate more accurate predictions in comparison with the linear models. In particular, the non-linear models such as the Random Forest and kNN classifiers on oversampled data demonstrated promising outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Байкулаков Шалкар // Baikulakov Shalkar & Белгибаев Зангар // Belgibayev Zanggar, 2021. "Анализ рисков потребительских кредитов с помощью алгоритмов машинного обучения // Consumer credit risk analysis via machine learning algorithms," Working Papers #2021-4, National Bank of Kazakhstan.
  • Handle: RePEc:aob:wpaper:21
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lkhagvadorj Munkhdalai & Tsendsuren Munkhdalai & Oyun-Erdene Namsrai & Jong Yun Lee & Keun Ho Ryu, 2019. "An Empirical Comparison of Machine-Learning Methods on Bank Client Credit Assessments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-23, January.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    потребительские кредиты; машинное обучение; банковское регулирование; стохастический градиентный спуск; логистическая регрессия; k-ближайшие соседи; классификатор случайных лесов; дерево решений; gaussian NB (Гауссовский наивный Байесовский классификатор); XGBoost; нейронные сети (многослойный персептрон); consumer credits; machine learning; bank regulation; stochastic gradient descent (linear model); logistic regression (linear model); kNN (neighbors); random forest classifier (ensemble); decision tree (tree); gaussian NB (naïve bayes); XGBoost; Neural network (MLP classifier);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers

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