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Human Capital, Market Imperfections, Poverty, And Migration: Evidence From Albania

Author

Listed:
  • Germenji, Etleva
  • Swinnen, Johan F.M.

Abstract

The most dramatic recent immigration in Europe is the influx of more than 700,000 Albanians, about a quarter of the total Albanian workforce, in the 1990s. The vast majority migrated illegally. This paper analyses the determinants of Albanian migration based on a unique representative survey of rural households. The study confirms that migrants are mostly young, male, and single. Regional variations in migration reflect a combination of cultural and economic factors, including migration costs. However, we find that migrants do not come from the poorest rural households. Moreover, education has a positive, albeit non-linear, effect on the likelihood of migration. Migration is negatively related with household access to alternative income sources and reduced financial constraints but positively related with the presence and household's access to migration networks. Policy implications are that aid programs and government initiatives to invest in rural infrastructure and rural education may have mixed effects on migration. A key policy target to reduce migration should be the creation of non-farm rural employment and rural households' access to finance.

Suggested Citation

  • Germenji, Etleva & Swinnen, Johan F.M., 2005. "Human Capital, Market Imperfections, Poverty, And Migration: Evidence From Albania," PRG Working Papers 31865, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:kuliwp:31865
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.31865
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mariapia Mendola & Gero Carletto, 2008. "International migration and gender differentials in the home labor market: evidence from Albania," Working Papers 148, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised Dec 2008.
    2. repec:lic:licosd:16906 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Meyer, Wiebke & Mollers, Judith & Buchenrieder, Gertrud, 2008. "Patterns and Determinants of International Migration in Northern Albania," 2008 International Congress, August 26-29, 2008, Ghent, Belgium 44406, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Zizi Goschin & Monica Roman & Aura Popa, 2011. "Determinants of Romanian International Migrants' Remittances," ERSA conference papers ersa11p1001, European Regional Science Association.
    5. Meyer, Wiebke, 2012. "Motives for remitting from Germany to Kosovo," Studies on the Agricultural and Food Sector in Transition Economies, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), volume 69, number 69.
    6. Zizi GOSCHIN & Monica ROMAN, 2012. "Determinants of the remitting behaviour of Romanian emigrants in an economic crisis context," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 3, pages 87-103, December.
    7. Carlo Azzarri & Calogero Carletto & Benjamin Davis & Alberto Zazza, 2008. "Migration and Labour Choice in Albania," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, vol. 6(2), pages 169-196.
    8. Boris Najman & Raluca Prelipceanu, 2012. "Labour Migration and Institutional Quality: the Case of Romania," Erudite Working Paper 2012-13, Erudite.

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