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Desinfection Solaire Des Sols Par Paillage Plastique: Potentialites Theoriques Et Experimentations

Author

Listed:
  • Sinoquet, H.
  • Mignard, E.

Abstract

The laying of a plastic sheet changes the energy balance of the soil surface by suppressing evaporation and by increasing the absorption of solar radiation. This results in an increase of soil temperature, which is probably sufficient to destroy certain phytopathogenic agents of the soil. At a depth of 2 cm, temperature changes were measured for plots of bare soil covered with black plastic sheet, transparent plastic sheet and glass plate. The maximum day temperature reached 54C with glass plate, 5lC with transparent plastic sheet, 45C with black plastic sheet and 38C on the test plot without mulching, for a global solar radiation of 17.5 MJ.m-2.day-1. Temperature profiles were measured on plots of soil covered with glass plate and soil without mulching and well irrigated. Differences in maximum day temperatures were l0.2C at a depth of 2.5 cm, 8.9C at 5 cm, 8.2C at 7.5 cm, 6.7C at 15 cm and 5.5C at 25 cm. ----- L'application d'un film plastique modifie le bilan énergétique de la surface du sol en supprimant l'evaporation et en augmentant l'absorption du rayonnement solaire. Il en résulte une augmentation de la température dans le sol, qui peut étre suffisante pour réduire certains agents phytopathogènes telluriques. L'evolution de la température à 2 cm de profondeur a été mesurée pour des parcelles de sol nu recouvertes de film plastique noir, de film plastique transparent, et de plaques de verre. La température maximale journalière a atteint 54c avec le verre, 5lc avec le plastique transparent, 45C avec le plastique noir et 38C sur la parcelle témoin non paillée, pour unrayonnementsolaire global de 17,5 HJ.m-2.jour-l. Des profils de températures ont été mesurés sur des parcelles de sol recouvertes de plaques de verre et de sol non paillé et bien pourvu en eau. L-écart sur les températures maximales journalières était de 1O.2c à 2.5 cm de profondeur, 8.9C à 5 en, 8.2c à 7.5 cm, 6.7C à 15 cm et 5.5C à 25 cm.

Suggested Citation

  • Sinoquet, H. & Mignard, E., 1986. "Desinfection Solaire Des Sols Par Paillage Plastique: Potentialites Theoriques Et Experimentations," 22nd Annual Meeting, August 25-29, 1986, St. Lucia 261347, Caribbean Food Crops Society.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:cfcs86:261347
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.261347
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