Economic Valuation of Water Provisioning Services in the Recharge Area of Ciburial Spring, Bogor Regency

The rapid global population increase significantly contributes to environmental and natural resource exploitation. This phenomenon happens in Indonesia with a high population reached 278 million people in mid-2023. As the population grows, there is a heightened demand for essential resources, particularly in Bogor Regency, which faces challenges in providing sufficient clean water due to its high population density. The Ciburial spring, the largest and oldest raw water source in Bogor Regency, has experienced a 62% decline in discharge over the past two decades. This reduction is attributed to anthropogenic factors affecting land use change in the recharge area. To ensure water availability, particularly in preserving the green coverage of the Ciburial spring recharge area, effective land cover management is crucial. This research aims to assess the water provisioning services of green ecosystems in the recharge area, with specific objectives of measuring the water yield and estimating the economic value of water provisioning services in the Ciburial spring recharge area. This study is based on the InVEST Seasonal Water Yield (SWY) model and market-based approach. The results show that the potential of water yield or groundwater supply in the Ciburial spring recharge area fluctuated in the past decade, reaching 32,613,565.97 m3 in 2020. The InVEST SWY model also projects water yield for the next 10 years, considering climate scenarios like SSP370 and SSP585. In line with the first objective, the economic value of water provisioning services in the Ciburial spring recharge area was estimated at IDR 30,855,042,497.22 in 2020.