Introduction

Corporate reputation is a global and general, temporally stable, evaluative judgment about a corporation that is shared by multiple stakeholders (Highhouse et al., 2009). It is a long-term intangible corporate asset or liability that is important for organizational competitiveness (Friedman, 2009). It is a perceptual representation of a company's past actions and future prospects that describe the company's overall appeal to all its key constituents when compared to its rivals. Corporate reputation represents what is actually known by both internal and external stakeholders (Walker, 2010). Corporate reputation is the collective judgment of a corporation (Einwiller et al., 2010). Reputation is a combination of reality such as economic and social performance and perception such as performance perceived by key stakeholders (Hemphill, 2006)…