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Renewable Energy Technologies

In: The Political Economy of Contemporary Human Civilisation, Volume II

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  • Sangaralingam Ramesh

    (University of Oxford)

Abstract

This chapter discusses the critical transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources as a response to climate change and its socio-economic impacts. It explores advancements in solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and bioenergy technologies, highlighting their roles in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting energy security. Innovations in solar photovoltaics and offshore wind have significantly improved efficiency and scalability, while nuclear fusion is emerging as a potential clean energy solution. Geothermal and bioenergy systems complement these technologies by offering reliable and sustainable energy alternatives. The chapter also examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and biotechnology in optimizing renewable energy adoption. AI enhances grid integration, energy storage, and system maintenance, while biotechnology revolutionizes biofuel production and carbon capture. Barriers such as political resistance, infrastructural limitations, and economic inequalities are addressed, with proposed solutions emphasizing international cooperation, policy frameworks, and technological investment. The chapter underscores renewable energy’s dual potential to mitigate climate change and drive global socio-economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Sangaralingam Ramesh, 2025. "Renewable Energy Technologies," Springer Books, in: The Political Economy of Contemporary Human Civilisation, Volume II, chapter 0, pages 183-218, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-031-84185-9_6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-84185-9_6
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