Food Security Challenges of Climate Change: An Analysis for Policy Selection in Malaysia

The key goal of this chapter is to examine and assess the effect of various adaptation strategies and their related costs on macroeconomic variables such as real gross domestic product (RGDP), government spending, exports, net consumption and net production, and food sustainability over time as a means of addressing Malaysia’s climate change and food security issues. Our research focuses on the agriculture sector since Malaysia is becoming increasingly reliant on imported food, which could increase as a result of climate change. The results from the proposed Malaysian Integrated Climate and Economy (MICE) model are presented in this chapter in order to determine which adaptation policy alternative would be most successful in addressing long-term food security issues caused by climate change impacts. The comparative results of likely adaptation policies with various levels of adaptation are also simulated in this chapter. The chapter focuses on food security challenges and how climate change effects transform into agro-economic damage, as well as how the damage can be mitigated by effective response measures and interventions. Finally, the chapter calculates the economic risks of climate change with and without adaptive policies, as well as their economic effects, in order to determine which adaptation measures would be most successful in mitigating climate-change-related costs and impacts on agro-food security problems.