What Kind of Green Transition Is Affordable for Slovenia?

After 2000, Slovenia found itself in the grip of two transitions: the transition from high biological reproduction to low birth rate and, more recently, the green transition with its adoption in the EU and consequently in Slovenia. Until recently, Slovenia had two main coal-energy regions. First of them completely phased out coal by 2015 and shut down, while the second is scheduled to close in 2033. Both transitions require changes in socioeconomic activity, especially in the energy sector and coal mining. The evaluation model of the demographic transition from 2023 shows that the consequences of the transition are reflected asymmetrically by individual age groups of the population. Because of this, the needs of each age group are changing, especially in the group of those aged over 65 years. The change in population expenditure also affects the number of employees in the group providing services for the people, and consequently also in employment in the economy. All these change the scope, structure, and also the conditions of creating the necessary gross domestic product (GDP). The green transition also has a significant impact on size and structure of the generated GDP in the region where fossil fuels are located or where energy is produced. Replacing abandoned production with cleaner green energy is important for the region where new capacities are to be built—current and planned nuclear power plant are not located in any of coal-energy regions. For the green transition, the start of the operation of new power plant is important since the resources will need to be provided as well as returned one day. The analysis of the consequences of both transitions and their interdependence and consequences for Slovenia and its findings are presented in this paper.