Engagement Dynamics of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Touristic Activities: A Case Study of Best Practices

This article investigates the involvement of individuals with intellectual disabilities in tourism activities, focusing on inclusive dynamics to ensure effective participation. Despite the extensive literature on accessible tourism for physical disabilities, there is a notable gap regarding intellectual disabilities. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing barriers and facilitators of participation for individuals with intellectual disabilities, aligning with human rights principles to promote accessible tourism for all. The research utilizes a qualitative method, examining six national and six European best practices (from Spain, France, and Italy) in tourism activities. The findings highlight the predominant use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) techniques, specifically pictograms, alongside sensory and therapeutic experiences. Notably, museums exhibit a higher adoption of inclusive strategies. The study underscores the importance of Universal Design and the need for awareness, training, and education for tourism professionals to enhance communication and attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disabilities. The analysis concludes that inclusive practices, although varied, demonstrate the potential for improved and satisfactory tourism experiences for individuals with intellectual disabilities, emphasizing a multifaceted approach to effective inclusion.