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Fiscal Sustainability of Pension Fund from the Perspective of Second Pillar: Case of North Macedonia

In: Navigating Economic Uncertainty - Vol. 1

Author

Listed:
  • Nebi Xhemali

    (South East European University)

  • Abdylmenaf Bexheti

    (South East European University)

  • Andrej Pulejkov

    (KB Publikum Invest)

Abstract

North Macedonia’s pension system faces fiscal sustainability challenges, particularly with its second pillar amid demographic and economic changes. This paper analyzes factors influencing pension fund sustainability, including demographic shifts, economic performance, investment outcomes, policy frameworks, and pension indexing practices. Currently, 68% of contributions go to the first pillar and 32% to the second, but all pensions are funded by the first pillar, causing a deficit that requires 30% state budget support. The paper explores the potential nationalization of the second pillar and reallocation of its funds to the first pillar, noting legal and individual approval constraints. It also examines immediate fiscal relief versus long-term risks, such as public trust erosion, financial market destabilization, and higher future pension obligations, while considering high migration impacts.

Suggested Citation

  • Nebi Xhemali & Abdylmenaf Bexheti & Andrej Pulejkov, 2025. "Fiscal Sustainability of Pension Fund from the Perspective of Second Pillar: Case of North Macedonia," Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, in: Veland Ramadani & Abdylmenaf Bexheti & Hyrije Abazi-Alili & Carmem Leal & Carlos Peixeira Marques (ed.), Navigating Economic Uncertainty - Vol. 1, pages 87-118, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:prbchp:978-3-031-73506-6_6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-73506-6_6
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