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Spatial Optimization Problem for Locating Polling Facilities and Stations and Policy Implications

In: Optimal Districting and Territory Design

Author

Listed:
  • Hyun Kim

    (University of Tennessee at Knoxville)

  • Kamyoung Kim

    (Kyungpook National University)

Abstract

Voting is a critical political activity and gives voters the opportunity and right to express their opinion in modern democratic society. Ways to increase voter turnout have been widely explored, but, the optimization approach is recognized by many scholars as the best way to assess the efficiency of the current system and draw policy implications. This research highlights the necessity for a spatial optimization approach in determining the location of polling facilities and polling stations tailored to the regulations of the voting process of South Korea. The effects of distance and preference, such as that based on pre-knowledge of or experience with existing facilities, are prescribed as the function ‘utility cost’ in formulating a spatial optimization model, named the Capacitated p-Median Problem with Multiple Stations in the Same Facility (CPMP-M). In a case study of an area with several precincts in Seoul, South Korea, our numerical results based on preference factors demonstrate the need to relocate the existing polling facilities, merge certain precincts, and adjust existing boundaries of precincts to enhance the efficiency of administration of the voting process.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyun Kim & Kamyoung Kim, 2020. "Spatial Optimization Problem for Locating Polling Facilities and Stations and Policy Implications," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Roger Z. Ríos-Mercado (ed.), Optimal Districting and Territory Design, chapter 0, pages 173-190, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:isochp:978-3-030-34312-5_9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34312-5_9
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