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Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Entrepreneurs’ Export Orientation

In: Measuring Entrepreneurship

Author

Listed:
  • Jolanda Hessels

    (EIM Business and Policy Research)

  • André van Stel

Abstract

The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) presents an annual assessment of the national level of ‘early-stage’ entrepreneurial activity and the institutional conditions to which it is subject in a large number of countries. Within the framework of GEM a TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity) index has been developed to measure (early-stage) entrepreneurial activity. Next to this TEA index, the GEM also provides an indicator for the prevalence of export-oriented entrepreneurs within countries. This chapter presents an example of an empirical analysis using macro-level GEM data for 36 countries. More specifically, this chapter investigates whether the presence of export-oriented entrepreneurs is a more important determinant of economic growth than entrepreneurial activity in general. Our results suggest that export-oriented entrepreneurship is indeed more important for achieving high economic growth rates than entrepreneurial activity in general. JEL-classification: F23, L25, L26, O47, O57

Suggested Citation

  • Jolanda Hessels & André van Stel, 2008. "Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Entrepreneurs’ Export Orientation," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, in: Emilio Congregado (ed.), Measuring Entrepreneurship, chapter 0, pages 265-278, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:inschp:978-0-387-72288-7_13
    DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-72288-7_13
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global Entrepreneurship Monitor; entrepreneurship; export; economic growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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