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Pension Schemes and Pension Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa

In: Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Markus Loewe

Abstract

Most countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region spend a considerable share of their national income on social protection. In Egypt and Jordan, for example, this share ranges between 20 and 25 per cent. Most of the money, however, is used for social protection instruments that significantly lack equity, efficiency and financial sustainability. The public pension schemes of the MENA countries are characterized, in particular, by (1) low coverage rates, (2) regressive redistribution from the poor to the urban middle class, (3) high administrative costs, (4) unsustainable benefit conditions and (5) inefficient investment policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Markus Loewe, 2014. "Pension Schemes and Pension Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa," Social Policy in a Development Context, in: Katja Hujo (ed.), Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries, chapter 3, pages 69-100, Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:sopchp:978-1-137-39611-2_3
    DOI: 10.1057/9781137396112_3
    as

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