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Does Financial Inclusion Reduce Poverty and Income Inequality in Developing Asia?

In: Financial Inclusion in Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Cyn-Young Park

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Rogelio V. Mercado

    (Trinity College)

Abstract

Financial inclusion is a broad concept. As defined by Sarma (2008), financial inclusion is the process that ensures the ease of access, availability, and usage of the formal financial system for all members of an economy. The lack of access to the formal financial system (‘financial exclusion’) can be voluntary or involuntary. The World Bank (2014) defines voluntary exclusion as a condition where a segment of the population or of firms chooses not to use financial services either because they have no need for them or due to cultural or religious reasons. In contrast, involuntary exclusion arises from insufficient income and high risk profiles or from discrimination and market failures and imperfections. Policy and research initiatives must focus on involuntary exclusion, as it can be addressed by appropriate economic programs and policies designed to increase income levels and correct market failures and imperfections.

Suggested Citation

  • Cyn-Young Park & Rogelio V. Mercado, 2016. "Does Financial Inclusion Reduce Poverty and Income Inequality in Developing Asia?," Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance, in: Sasidaran Gopalan & Tomoo Kikuchi (ed.), Financial Inclusion in Asia, chapter 3, pages 61-92, Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:psifcp:978-1-137-58337-6_3
    DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-58337-6_3
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Pengju Liu & Yitong Zhang & Shengqi Zhou, 2023. "Has Digital Financial Inclusion Narrowed the Urban–Rural Income Gap? A Study of the Spatial Influence Mechanism Based on Data from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Iza GIGAURI, 2022. "The Promise of Financial Inclusion for Developing Economies," International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, Inovatus Services Ltd., vol. 8(6), pages 7-20, September.
    3. Shivangi Bhatia & Seema Singh, 2019. "Empowering Women Through Financial Inclusion: A Study of Urban Slum," Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, , vol. 44(4), pages 182-197, December.
    4. Chang Xie & Chuanzhe Liu, 2022. "The Nexus between Digital Finance and High-Quality Development of SMEs: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    5. Shao, KaiChao & Ma, Ruixue & Kamber, Joseph, 2023. "An in-depth analysis of the entrepreneurship of rural Chinese mothers and the digital inclusive finance," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(7).
    6. Lan Khanh Chu, 2019. "Determinants of financial inclusions: comparing high, middle, and low-income countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(2), pages 1449-1457.
    7. Shasha Zhang & Qian Liu & Xungang Zheng & Juan Sun, 2023. "Internet Use and the Poverty Vulnerability of Rural Households: From the Perspective of Risk Response," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    8. Park, Cyn-Young & Mercado, Jr., Rogelio, 2018. "Financial Inclusion: New Measurement and Cross-Country Impact Assessment," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 539, Asian Development Bank.
    9. Liu, Dan & Jin, Yanhong & Pray, Carl & Liu, Shuang, 2020. "The Effects of Digital Inclusive Finance on Household Income and Income Inequality in China?," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304238, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    10. Kangyu Ren & Yuan Wang & Lulu Liu, 2023. "Impact of Traditional and Digital Financial Inclusion on Enterprise Innovation: Evidence from China," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440221, January.

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