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Ranking: Scholars, Merchants, Craftsmen, and Peasants

In: Merchants, Market and Monarchy

Author

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  • Tengda Hua

    (Shanghai University of Political Science and Law)

Abstract

Based on the last chapter, this chapter discusses the relative status of merchants compared with scholars, peasants, and craftsmen. Whether the new theory of four occupations put forth by Wang Yangming holds valid is the core element to investigate when comparing the relative status of scholars and merchants. According to my research, the order of the occupational groups in Ming China should be as follows: scholars remained indisputably alone in first place followed by artisans and merchants side by side in the second tier. Peasants were placed alone on the last tier, despite still deeply rooted agricultural-based preferences among scholars. This clearly differs from the traditional classification.

Suggested Citation

  • Tengda Hua, 2021. "Ranking: Scholars, Merchants, Craftsmen, and Peasants," Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought, in: Merchants, Market and Monarchy, chapter 0, pages 211-247, Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:pshchp:978-3-030-77189-8_7
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77189-8_7
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