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Have Regions Converged? Sigma and Beta Convergence in Objective 1 and Other EU Regions between 1988 and 1999

In: Cohesion Policy in the European Union

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  • Robert Leonardi

Abstract

The definition and significance of cohesion has been hotly debated among political scientists and economists since the concept first made its appearance in the Single European Act (SEA), but it was with the subsequent Treaty on European Union (i.e., the Maastricht Treaty) of 1993 (Article B) that economic and social cohesion became one of the three primary economic objectives along with the Single Market and European Monetary Union (EMU). Many had argued that the full opening of national markets to European-wide competition and the elimination of the ability of member states to manipulate exchange rates to compensate for the decline in national and regional competitiveness would have a significant negative impact on less developed areas,1 and therefore, a significant change in the approach adopted by the European Union to the challenges of regional development in an open European market had to be implemented.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Leonardi, 2005. "Have Regions Converged? Sigma and Beta Convergence in Objective 1 and Other EU Regions between 1988 and 1999," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Cohesion Policy in the European Union, chapter 4, pages 89-106, Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:palchp:978-0-230-50386-1_4
    DOI: 10.1057/9780230503861_4
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    Cited by:

    1. Agnieszka Głodowska, 2017. "Business Environment and Economic Growth in the European Union Countries: What Can Be Explained for the Convergence?," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 5(4), pages 189-204.

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