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Perspective Chapter: Rapid Measurement of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Petroleum Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy

In: Heavy Metals - Recent Advances

Author

Listed:
  • Reward Kokah Douglas

Abstract

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in soils threats human wellbeing and ecological health because of their toxicity and bioaccumulation. This research presents a portable Olympus Delta Premium 6000 Series XRF Analyser (Olympus, USA) as a rapid measurement tool (RMT) for PTEs: Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn in contaminated soils in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. A total of 45 crude oil-contaminated soils were collected from three genuinely oil spill sites. The range of measured PTEs concentrations (mg/kg) in the study sites are as follows: Site 1: chromium (Cr) 54-75, copper (Cu) 5.4-16.6, iron (Fe) 14,841-23,404, lead (Pb) 13.5-21.4, manganese (Mn) 158-555, and zinc (Zn) 32.6-47.2; Site 2: (35-66), (5-16.1), (10166-20,967), (12-17.8), (209-440), (17.6-33.6); and Site 3: (32-115), (6.5-20.8), (7538-22,800), (12-135), (98-338), (19.9-177). The trend of PTEs across the three sites follows the same order: Fe > Mn > Cr > Zn > Pb > Cu. The average concentration values of PTEs in all the 3 sites were higher than background concentration values. Thus, crude oil spill spiked the PTEs concentrations. XRF spectroscopy is recommended as a cost-effective and RMT for PTEs in soils.

Suggested Citation

  • Reward Kokah Douglas, 2023. "Perspective Chapter: Rapid Measurement of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Petroleum Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy," Chapters, in: Basim A. Almayyahi (ed.), Heavy Metals - Recent Advances, IntechOpen.
    • Handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:295470
    DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108959
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    soil; crude oil; pollution; elements; X-ray fluorescence;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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