IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/h/ito/pchaps/194468.html
   My bibliography  Save this book chapter

Carbon-Based Materials for De-Fluoridation of Water: Current Status and Challenges

In: Carbon-Based Material for Environmental Protection and Remediation

Author

Listed:
  • Rajeev Kumar
  • Jyoti Chawla

Abstract

World is facing scarcity of pure and safe drinkable water and third world war would be based on this issue. Recently ground water is excessively used to meet drinking water needs. Water is the principal source of fluoride in daily intake. Excessive fluoride content in ground water due to leaching from fluoride bearing rocks, pose a serious threat worldwide. Concentration of fluoride in drinking water beyond the recommended standards may lead to serious health problems such as skeletal problems, restricted movement, severe anemia and fluorosis. De-fluoridation of water is quite difficult and expensive. Various materials and technologies have been developed to solve this world wide problem. Ion-exchange, precipitation, electro-chemical, reverse osmosis and adsorption are most widely applied methods for de-fluoridation of water. The main highlight of this chapter is to identify and compare carbon-based materials for de-fluoridation of water on the basis of their efficiency, cost and availability. Challenges associated with the development and use of cost effective and environmental friendly materials for de-fluoridation of water have also been discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Rajeev Kumar & Jyoti Chawla, 2020. "Carbon-Based Materials for De-Fluoridation of Water: Current Status and Challenges," Chapters, in: Mattia Bartoli & Marco Frediani & Luca Rosi (ed.), Carbon-Based Material for Environmental Protection and Remediation, IntechOpen.
    • Handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:194468
    DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90879
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/70741
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.5772/intechopen.90879?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    carbon-based materials; de-fluoridation; ground water purification; water contaminates; de-fluoridation techniques; environmental impacts;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:194468. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Slobodan Momcilovic (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.intechopen.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.