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Characteristics of Collapsing Ecosystems and Main Factors of Collapses

In: Ecosystem Services and Global Ecology

Author

Listed:
  • Melinda Palinkas

Abstract

The synergistic effects of direct human perturbations and climate change have been causing the mass extinction of species. Here, I present the deterministic factors of collapses in present ecosystems. I captured and synthesized the key deterministic traits and processes before a collapse in the peer-reviewed literature. The results of the literature review show that deterministic factors can be used as early warning signals of collapses. The literature also suggests that we have entered the middle stage of global mass extinction, which may be irreversible.

Suggested Citation

  • Melinda Palinkas, 2018. "Characteristics of Collapsing Ecosystems and Main Factors of Collapses," Chapters, in: Levente Hufnagel (ed.), Ecosystem Services and Global Ecology, IntechOpen.
    • Handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:138822
    DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.75124
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    File URL: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/61597
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    climate change; human perturbation; collapse; mass extinction; biodiversity loss; early warning signals; positive feedback;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics

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