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The Thermodynamics of Heavy Metal Sorption onto Lignocellulosic Biomass

In: Heavy Metals

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Escudero-Onate
  • Isabel Villaescusa

Abstract

The sorption equilibrium and thermodynamics of Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) onto grape stalks (GS), a lignocellulosic waste from wine production industries, have been investigated. Different equilibrium models have been assessed to describe the experimental sorption equilibrium profile in the range of 5-60°C. Maximum sorption capacities have been calculated by means of Langmuir equilibrium model and mean free sorption energies through the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) model. Mean free energies suggest that metal sorption takes place mainly through an ion exchange mechanism, except for Pb(II), where an additional contribution connected to a stronger bond might take place. The calculation of thermodynamic parameters, ?G0, ?H0 and ?S0, puts into evidence that the sorption of all the metals onto GS is a spontaneous and exothermic process that occurs with an increase of randomness at the solid/liquid interface.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Escudero-Onate & Isabel Villaescusa, 2018. "The Thermodynamics of Heavy Metal Sorption onto Lignocellulosic Biomass," Chapters, in: Hosam M. Saleh & Refaat Fekry Eid Sayed (ed.), Heavy Metals, IntechOpen.
    • Handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:137684
    DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74260
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    sorption; divalent metals; lignocellulosic sorbent; isotherm; thermodynamic;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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