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The Impact of Tuberculosis among Immigrants: Epidemiology and Strategies of Control in High-Income Countries--Current Data and Literature Review

In: People's Movements in the 21st Century - Risks, Challenges and Benefits

Author

Listed:
  • Carlo Contini
  • Martina Maritati
  • Marachiara di Nuzzo
  • Lorenzo Massoli
  • Sara Lomenzo
  • Anastasio Grilli

Abstract

A significant reappearance of tuberculosis (TB) was observed in industrialized countries during the last two decades. This is due to the spread of HIV infection itself and to today's migratory phenomenon as a consequence of wealth disparity, poverty, wars and political persecutions. This proportion is expected to increase and represents an important cause of the overall resurgence of the TB epidemic and drug-resistant TB in Western Europe and the USA. TB is currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide and a health problem in high-income countries. Although WHO global TB report 2015 with its "STOP TB" strategy has the goal to eliminate TB as a public health problem by 2050, TB shows no signs of disappearing despite some decline in high-income countries. In order to intensify the fights against this deadly disease, further efforts should be aimed to improve examination/detection processes to accurately determine all kinds of TB, and how best to enhance TB control through a coordinated medical screening program of migrants for active TB. Migration in itself is not a definitive risk for TB. Stressful living condition, social isolation, poverty, political fear/persecution, and difficulties to access to health care can expose these individuals to the risk of TB infection during and after the migration process. This chapter aims to discuss and highlight all these issues.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlo Contini & Martina Maritati & Marachiara di Nuzzo & Lorenzo Massoli & Sara Lomenzo & Anastasio Grilli, 2017. "The Impact of Tuberculosis among Immigrants: Epidemiology and Strategies of Control in High-Income Countries--Current Data and Literature Review," Chapters, in: Ingrid Muenstermann (ed.), People's Movements in the 21st Century - Risks, Challenges and Benefits, IntechOpen.
    • Handle: RePEc:ito:pchaps:110840
    DOI: 10.5772/66823
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    Cited by:

    1. Gulnaz Isabekova, 2019. "The Contribution of Vulnerability of Labour Migrants to Drug Resistance in the Region: Overview and Suggestions," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 31(3), pages 620-642, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    tuberculosis (TB); latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI); migrants; documented migrants; undocumented migrants; asylum seekers; refugees; Europe (EU);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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