The English School and global constitutionalism

The English School of International Relations (ES) is a theoretical approach that strongly emphasises the role that international law, ethics and morality, as well as informal norms, rules, and institutions have played historically in regulating and maintaining relations between different political communities. Inter-polity orders across history, for the ES, have all been marked by the existence of constitutional structures, legitimacy principles, and normative parameters of rightful conduct. This chapter provides a coherent and systematic overview of the distinctive ways in which the ES has contributed to the study of constitutionalisation of world politics. After briefly summarising the main tenets of ES theory, the chapter analyses the different ways in which ES authors have reflected on processes of global constitutionalism and connects them with Costantino Mortati’s idea of ‘material constitution’. The chapter then proceeds to a more analytical section, where three specific aspects of ES theory are discussed in relation to global constitutionalism - the pluralism-solidarism distinction; the relationship between primary and secondary institutions; and the interplay between international and world society. In the final section, the chapter considers how the ES conceptualises current and future challenges to global constitutionalism.